光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
9~hW8{# l8G1N[ 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
r^m&<)Ca Va )W[I 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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Lg<h54X ~cc }yDe 目录
/4T6Z[=s 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
'~Y@HRVL@| 1.1 Historical Development
BL&AZv/T 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
C:Jfrg` 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
#LR4%}mg 1.4 Experimental Aspects
),yar9C 1.5 Very High Resolution
a,w|r#x] 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
NF0_D1Goi 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
'I>USl3 hI 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
T +vo)9w 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
x+cL(R 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
d.?}>jl References
NK qIx *QQeK#$s 2. Core Levels and Final States
t*hy"e{*a 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
=mXC,<] 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
Y\9}LgIvr 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
h^g0|p5 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
h/ n( 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
)
A:h 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
UN'n~d@~ 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
(iq>]-=< 2.3 Core Polarization
*;@wPT 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
a,Pw2Gcid 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
~B|m"qY{i 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
nF'YG+;|@ 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
Ry>y References
%W~w\mT 0!,uo\` 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
Wxj_DTi[1" 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
=p_*lC%N 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
-gvfz&Lz 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
:|n[z jK/S 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
'S3<' X 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
LWCFCkx% 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
:EOai%i 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
TR3U<: 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
Zp)=l Td 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
s|WwBT References
R ABw(b <yipy[D 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
(T*$4KGV 4.1 Theory
&:l-;7d 4.1.1 General
Y'iI_cg 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
yMWh#[phH 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
2
`>a( 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
]qqgEZ1!Y 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
cTGd< 4.2 Experimental Results
36{GZDGQ 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
Wu
0:X*>}p 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
p=:Vpg<! 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
N`Q.u-' 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
r>(,)rs(l 4.3 The Background Correction
94-BcN References
o*)Sg6Yk $6Q^ur: 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
'yPKQ/y$x 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
bVzi^R" 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
I4"p]>Y" 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
Ysu\CZGX 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
R`<^/h Neon (Ne)
[XY%<P3D Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
$Wj= V Water (H2O)
EQ273sdK Ammonia (NH3)
s21}
a,eB Methane (CH4)
6 ]x?2P% 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
U1r]e%df) 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
5csh8i'V 5.7 Hydrocarbons
12lX-~[[" 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
jM\{*!7b 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
Sy VGm@ 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
:C>7HEh-2_ 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
T`!R
ki%~ 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
5(H%Ia 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
Fs~(>w@ 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
j4owo#OB- 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
I5M\PK/ 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
-~{Z*1`, 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
WrGA7&!+ 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
`sKyvPtG 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
M,fL(b;2 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
Oin9lg-jR 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
=3X>Ur 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
:$"{-n 5.11.1 Outline
>IIq_6Z# 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
JjS+'A$A5 References
mU-2s%X<.^ +b-ON@9]J` 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
w~u{"E$ 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
R->x_9y-R 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
`xzKRId0 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
Qx4)'n 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
`0NU
c)` 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
~^obf(N` 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
_<c"/B 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
1w=.vj<d8 6.3.2 XPS Regime
~Y/A]N86, 6.3.3 Surface Emission
OV]xo8a; 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
|E >h*Y 6.4 Thermal Effects
8QTry% 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
jg?UwR& References
aLh(8 ;$ Be|! S_Y P 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
X_2N9$}, 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
fv7VDo8vb 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
4fKvB@O@. 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
uU 7 <8G 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
jOV6% 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
@SD XJJh 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
P7-k!p" 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
Ve(<s
7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
|1%%c
% 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
:Tpf8 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
sLA.bp.O 7.3.8 Summary
CC=I|/mBM 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
r4mh:T4i 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
[]A9j?_w 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
U:*rlA@_. 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
?r !kKMZ 7.5 A Comment
"zq'nV= References
:=B.)]F.) =Q9^|& 6 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
G%s O{k7 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
K F'fg
R 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
qefp3&ls 8.3 Quantum-Well States
Z@euO~e~ 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
{Z/iYHv~#c References
'f{13-#X@ IIAp-Y~B 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
8~(,qU8- N 9.1 Surface States
}p?,J8=- 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
M1eh4IVE? 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
) 'xyK References
G|jHic! ug]2wftlQ 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
X.#*+k3s0 10.1 General Description
zCJ"O9G<V 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
a>vxox) % 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
sN1H{W References
2@MpWj4 YA,.C4=s 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
yr},pB 11.1 Examples
^!B]V>L- 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
Oey
Ph9^V 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
Ct `)R 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
C1{Q 4(K% References
6|p8_[e` YQD`4ND Appendix
<p<6!tdO A.1 Table of Binding Energies
0i}.l\ A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
n}Z%-w$K# A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
uB+#<F/c References
K_+M?ap_ Index