光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
$*?,#ta _F`lq_C 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
rvw)-=qR[ s)pbS}L 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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o>g *IM;tD+7Q~ 目录
m|G'K[8 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
&Udb9 1.1 Historical Development
Cid
;z 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
Z+=@<i'' 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
UNBH 1.4 Experimental Aspects
pJtex^{!: 1.5 Very High Resolution
1 9CK+;b 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
^cuc.g)c$? 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
=z
/dcC$r 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
&mx)~J^m 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
.*)2SNH 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
9_5ow References
;-qO'V:; aSnFKB 2. Core Levels and Final States
i ,/0/?)*_ 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
B]l)++~ 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
HKUn`ng 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
sdo[D 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
;N?]eM}yf 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
#NryLE!/ 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
:w^Ed%>y7 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
)z28=%g 2.3 Core Polarization
m* kl 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
2V#>)R#k 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
Zo~ 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
?o|f': 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
r<d_[?1N References
fd.^h*'mU #*UN >X 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
P`cq H(
3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
XcUwr 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
Y<%@s}zc 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
@pRlxkvV 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
g0["^P1tV 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
$cU!m(SILQ 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
dx@-/^. 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
M]2]\km 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
CmoE_8U> 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
ia+oX~W!VR References
lUMS;H( 4?q<e*W 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
IvtJ0 4.1 Theory
9^#c|
0T 4.1.1 General
~yW4)4k;b 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
P 'od` 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
c2'Lfgx4 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
TI,&!E?; 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
:7]Sa` 4.2 Experimental Results
_)>_{Pm 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
(Hb:?( 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
jYmR 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
NUWDc]@J* 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
CU@Rob} s 4.3 The Background Correction
os:A] References
)9"_J9G AW!?"xdZ 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
T^k7o^N> 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
q!u~jI9j 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
:2rZcoNb. 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
B][U4WJ) 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
p;3O#n-_ Neon (Ne)
I%j|D#qY:T Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
{YAJBIvHV Water (H2O)
deV
8 Ammonia (NH3)
&;[Io Methane (CH4)
AicBSqUke 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
e]$}-i@# 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
Tz8PS k1[ 5.7 Hydrocarbons
IID-k 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
jD<{t 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
%^4CSh 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
$!-c-0ub 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
IYS)7`{] 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
V)~.~2$ 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
<66X Xh. 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
8"2=U6*C 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
t!W(_8j 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
;5S9y7[i| 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
=JK@z 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
@ hiCI.?X 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
9=8iy
w 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
Bn#?zI 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
g(qJN<RC/ 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
YQ9'0F[l 5.11.1 Outline
+eK"-u~K 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
"/3'XOK| References
4ew"
%Cs* ~962i#&4 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
}Qn&^[[miL 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
2Mc3|T4)U 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
tl,.fjZn 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
*`ua'"="k 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
V3Q+s8OIF 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
"U>JM@0DNm 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
aeFe!`F 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
c'>/ 6.3.2 XPS Regime
Ce9|=Jx! 6.3.3 Surface Emission
&:9cAIe]H 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
|:nOp(A\* 6.4 Thermal Effects
A}G7l?V& 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
xW)2<m6C& References
DCIxRPw %Gz0^[+ 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
nm5cpnNl 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
42{Ew8 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
\o}xF@sM5 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
"}u.v?HYz 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
W=^#v 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
42_`+Vt]d7 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
v5!d$Vctu 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
tZ:_ag)o 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
u]<,, 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
bH7X'%r 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
/32Fy`KV 7.3.8 Summary
`5cKA;j>b 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
!"HO]3-o 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
h58`XH 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
@Owb?(6? 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
.zA^)qgL 7.5 A Comment
y I HXg# References
zT=Ho
4ni<E* 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
PWaw]*dFmy 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
f2Klt6"9 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
aktU$Wbwl 8.3 Quantum-Well States
NPhhD&W_ 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
rn/ /% References
hm84Aq= f XX7{-Yy 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
5gH1.7i b 9.1 Surface States
#a/5SZP
Z\ 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
a]JYDq`,3 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
aE`c%T):` References
Tzt8h\Q^z `slL%j^" 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
ypbe!Y<i] 10.1 General Description
9TgIB 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
"9ZID-~] 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
j~2{lCT References
^1S!F-H4\ Jj>?GAir 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
iZ#!O*> 11.1 Examples
q!{y&.&\ 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
oibsh(J3 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
sv: 9clJ 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
*;l]8. References
T%.8'9 ;+W#5<i Appendix
K,Ef9c/+K A.1 Table of Binding Energies
`>7;! A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
opY@RJ] A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
~+Rc}K References
Lz`E;k^ Index