光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
Kh5:+n_X Duz}e80 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
xy|;WB }Y-f+qX* 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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3z5,4ps X@\! \ 目录
_@d.wfM 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
*1>XlVx, 1.1 Historical Development
%r|fuwwJO 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
);$~/H4 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
vK$T$SL 1.4 Experimental Aspects
fTH?t_e 1.5 Very High Resolution
N"2@yaN 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
Pp26UWW 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
IO fo]p- 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
;
/EH@V| 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
H:0-.a^ZS 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
43 |zjE References
g *^"x& W'6*$Ron 2. Core Levels and Final States
i:W
oT4 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
Q}]Q0'X8 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
G19FSLrtA 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
&jg,8 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
=D3Y
q? 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
g]d@X_ &D 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
=0 m[ 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
i?mDR$X: 2.3 Core Polarization
nY(jN D 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
na/t=<{ 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
=Ybbh`$< 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
)Oa"B;\j 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
CZ1tqAk- References
Te5_T&1Z 7p2x}[ .\ 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
#H5*]"w6I 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
! 4i 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
y.mojx%?a 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
cZ o]*Gv. 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
e6{/e+/R 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
'!En,*'IS 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
7E|0'PPR 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
9}3W0F; 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
`[Lap=.'. 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
\Z57U NI References
~r|.GY .R:eN&Y8y 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
r+
vtKb 4.1 Theory
~\XB' 4.1.1 General
x6F\|nb 4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
|a'Q^aT 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
to,=Q8)0 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
g]jtVQH'] 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
nw\p3 4.2 Experimental Results
z.[L1AGa|s 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
>)5rOU 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
{)F-US 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
Sw(%j1uL 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
c*\^61T 4.3 The Background Correction
k&^Megcb References
8t6h^uQ e {c.4'q 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
zBc7bbK 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
%/'[GC'y! 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
85s{;3 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
/$q;-/DnTZ 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
;tKL/eI Neon (Ne)
kZn!]TseN Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
vTB*J,6. Water (H2O)
H ) (K Ammonia (NH3)
ZJw92Sb Methane (CH4)
E}a3. 6)p 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
2TAy'BB;) 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
X>Xpx<RY! 5.7 Hydrocarbons
^5GS!u" 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
;$0za]x 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
/CZOO)n 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
t+h"YiT 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
@MN>ye'T 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
WG^D$L: 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
!`aodz*PO 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
fSun{?{ 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
WxXVL" 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
6XX5K@ 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
+_`F@^R_ 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
`Cb$8;)z 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
bFflA 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
!p9BH6$` 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
0 TS:o/{(a 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
AV8TP-Ls+ 5.11.1 Outline
Lnj5EY er 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
m+vwp\0 References
B1p9pr @-MrmF)<U 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
C6,Bqlio 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
_VM J q9. 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
%%DK?{jo` 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
B!-W765Y 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
54 8@._-S 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
*&AK.n_ 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
h{TnvI/" 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
NuXU2w~ 6.3.2 XPS Regime
"\V:W%23W{ 6.3.3 Surface Emission
.t}nznh 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
^\wosB3E 6.4 Thermal Effects
/Pf7= P 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
979L] H# References
f|apk,o_ $[1 M2>[ 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
W>,b1_k
c 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
1-b,X]i 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
.}0Cg2W 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
)<~b*^kl\ 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
Lv5AtZl} 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
@r
.K>+1 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
*J$=UG,u 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
lc/2!:g 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
@%jzVF7 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
\K)q$E<! 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
8>epKFEg 7.3.8 Summary
*qR
tk 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
,qr)}s- 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
cq!>B{ 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
= F:d#j>F 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
ricDP 9#a 7.5 A Comment
0_Y;r{3m" References
I
4EocM= ~o8$/%Oeb/ 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
]w')~yk 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
M`5^v0,C 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
eH6#'M4+\ 8.3 Quantum-Well States
dFS+O;zE\ 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
!X,=RR`zT References
`9F'mT#o/ v8WoV* 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
$QY(7Z" 9.1 Surface States
?vk&k(FT 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
aFbA=6 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
fa6L+wt4O References
q_I ''L #q=?Zu^Da 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
MbJV)*Q 10.1 General Description
19lx;^b 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
J M`uIVnNA 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
)v'DQAL References
Kj}}O2 dM$]OAT 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
"V^(i%E; 11.1 Examples
.m4K ]^m 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
jd$lu^>I 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
J
\G8g,@ 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
0/),ylCj References
0chBw~@*s 7?F0~[eGG Appendix
6@nE cr A.1 Table of Binding Energies
;BpuNB A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
(h2bxfV~+ A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
K0b(D8! References
p>!`JU`{? Index