“真空术语”好像论坛中没有,发一个希望有朋友喜欢。 #rs]5tx([
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真空术语 rgOc+[X
Xu+^41
1.标准环境条件 standard ambient condition: O 6}eV^y
2.气体的标准状态 standard reference conditions forgases: )t#v55M
3.压力(压强)p pressure: -%g&O-i\
4.帕斯卡Pa pascal: %l.5c Sn@
5.托Torr torr: btZ9JZvMx
6.标准大气压atm standard atmosphere: "{igrl8
7.毫巴mbar millibar: }k K6"]Tj
8.分压力 partial pressure: >#[u"CB
9.全压力 total pressure: }+wvZq +c
10.真空 vacuum: F4|Z:e,Hr
11.真空度 degree of vacuum: l2lyi
12.真空区域 ranges of vacuum: `Zm-F
13.气体 gas: =OUms@xcE
14.非可凝气体 non-condensable gas: nR2pqaKc
15.蒸汽vapor: E/6@>.T?'
16.饱和蒸汽压saturation vapor pressure: *=p[;V
17.饱和度degree of saturation: ~s[St0
18.饱和蒸汽saturated vapor: [IgB78_$
19.未饱和蒸汽unsaturated vapor: P
nxx W?
20.分子数密度n,m-3 number density of molecules: QwaAGUA
21.平均自由程ι、λ,m mean free path: 4*vV9*'!
22.碰撞率ψ collision rate: Y>l92=G
23.体积碰撞率χ volume collision rate: zKP{A Sk
24.气体量G quantity of gas: F6$QEiDu@
25.气体的扩散 diffusion of gas: `c)//o
26.扩散系数D diffusion coefficient; diffusivity: ?;dfA/
27.粘滞流 viscous flow: # {'1\@q
28.粘滞系数η viscous factor: !pMp
n%r<]
29.泊肖叶流 poiseuille flow: "yo~;[
30.中间流 intermediate flow: E Pgn2[z
31.分子流 molecular flow: 13X\PO'9
32克努曾数 number of knudsen: r-,P
33.分子泻流 molecular effusion; effusive flow: <:tD m
34.流逸 transpiration: Zc<fopi h
35.热流逸 thermal transpiration: @2>j4Sc
36.分子流率qN molecular flow rate; molecular flux: 2Y` C\u
37.分子流率密度 molecular flow rate density; density of molecular flux: 3S97hn{|=
38.质量流率qm mass flow rare: hA0g'X2eC
39.流量qG throughput of gas: i3s,C;7[2
40.体积流率qV volume flow rate: Gd]!D~[1
41.摩尔流率qυ molar flow rate: Y9K$6lz
42.麦克斯韦速度分布 maxwellian velocity distribution: LG/6_t}
43.传输几率Pc transmission probability: Y\sSW0ZX
44.分子流导CN,UN molecular conductance: AusCU~:>
45.流导C,U conductance: 6u'+#nm
46.固有流导Ci,Ui intrinsic conductance: :k"VR,riF
47.流阻W resistance: O6[, K1,
48.吸附 sorption: x<S?"
49.表面吸附 adsorption: ?<l,a!V'6
50.物理吸附physisorption: !}TZmwf'
51.化学吸附 chemisorption: O'OVj
52.吸收absorption: *_aeK~du.
53.适应系数α accommodation factor: eVVm"96Q.;
54.入射率υ impingement rate: "/O`#Do/
55.凝结率condensation rate: \"X<\3z2
56.粘着率 sticking rate: w[A$bqz
57.粘着几率Ps sticking probability: <![]=~z$
58.滞留时间τ residence time: 20O\@}2q2M
59.迁移 migration: BM@:=>ypQ
60.解吸 desorption: B}(+\Q$I
61.去气 degassing: C_RxJWka
62.放气 outgassing: ^F*G
63.解吸或放气或去气速率qGU desorption or outgassing or degassing rate: )Hp{8c
64.蒸发率 evaporation rate: )Ycjx~
65.渗透 permeation: BfcpB)N&.K
66.渗透率φ permeability: O=9mLI6
67.渗透系数P permeability coefficient !D_Qat
2. 1.真空泵 vacuum pumps -j6&W`
1-1.容积真空泵 positive displacement pump: _9^
⑴.气镇真空泵 gas ballast vacuum pump: 4}4K6y<q
⑵.油封(液封)真空泵oil sealed (liquid-sealed) vacuum pump: ?0{8fGM4
⑶.干封真空泵 dry-sealed vacuum pump: xw)$).yc
⑷.往复真空泵 piston vacuum pump: 5$(qnOi
⑸.液环真空泵 liquid ring vacuum pump: [|XMR=\>
⑹.旋片真空泵 sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: 7AE)P[
⑺.定片真空泵 rotary piston vacuum pump: ";&5@H|
⑻.滑阀真空泵 rotary plunger vacuum pump: }AZ0BI,TI
⑼.余摆线真空泵 trochoidal vacuum pump: N<e=!LV
⑽.多室旋片真空泵 multi-chamber sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: IC1oW)
⑾.罗茨真空泵 roots vacuum pump: w=UFj
1-2.动量传输泵 kinetic vacuum pump: 4FWb5b!A=
⑴.牵引分子泵molecular drag pump: @Yv.HhO9
⑵.涡轮分子泵turbo molecular pump: LFi 8@
⑶.喷射真空泵ejector vacuum pump:
S#kA$yO
⑷.液体喷射真空泵liquid jet vacuum pump: xcF:moL
⑸.气体喷射真空泵gas jet vacuum pump: #`1@4,iC
⑹.蒸汽喷射真空泵vapor jet vacuum pump : aQMUC6cPM@
⑺.扩散泵diffusion pump : /4]<ro67E6
⑻.自净化扩散泵self purifying diffusion pump: UX?EOrfJ
⑼.分馏扩散泵 fractionating diffusion pump : 7kQZ$sLc
⑽.扩散喷射泵diffusion ejector pump : x9,X0JO
⑾.离子传输泵ion transfer pump: $rb
#k{
1-3.捕集真空泵 entrapment vacuum pump: gCVgL]jj(
⑴吸附泵adsorption pump: WB:NV=&^
⑵.吸气剂泵 getter pump: DRo?7_
⑶.升华(蒸发)泵 sublimation (evaporation)pump : cVx#dDdA
⑷.吸气剂离子泵getter ion pump: 7_HJ|QB
⑸.蒸发离子泵 evaporation ion pump: !,}F2z?4c
⑹.溅射离子泵sputter ion pump: th$?#4SbR
⑺.低温泵cryopump: ?"d25LyN
*?'^Rc
2.真空泵零部件 QO0#p1fom'
2-1.泵壳 pump case: {z4v_[-2CF
2-2.入口 inlet: yXuF<+CJ
2-3.出口outlet: iiWs]5
2-4.旋片(滑片、滑阀)vane; blade : )}
I>"n
2-5.排气阀discharge valve: !rK,_wH
2-6.气镇阀gas ballast valve: G(g.~|=EZ
2-7.膨胀室expansion chamber: 8"f Z>XQ
2-8.压缩室compression chamber: QoGvjf3z
2-9.真空泵油 vacuum pump oil: s/;iZiWK
2-10.泵液 pump fluid: J6WyFtlyLc
2-11.喷嘴 nozzle: r#%e$
2-13.喷嘴扩张率nozzle expansion rate: ^#-i%V%
2-14.喷嘴间隙面积 nozzle clearance area : Gu3# y"a>
2-15.喷嘴间隙nozzle clearance: )_m#|U?Rex
2-16.射流jet: 4x`.nql
2-17.扩散器diffuser: =JqKdLH
2-18.扩散器喉部diffuser thoat: cgQ4 JY/6
2-19.蒸汽导管vapor tube(pipe;chimney): Ju0W
2-20.喷嘴组件nozzle assembly: %^5|3l3y
2-21.下裙skirt: z A ~aiX
H pZD^h?L
3.附件 SuO@LroxTB
3-1阱trap: 3gUGfedi
⑴.冷阱 cold trap: 9S.J%*F7
⑵.吸附阱sorption trap: 8?YWE62
⑶.离子阱ion trap: a2'si}'3
⑷.冷冻升华阱 cryosublimation trap: 8Pkw'.r
3-2.挡板baffle: 'Ti7}K
3-3.油分离器oil separator: ]TE,N$X
3-4.油净化器oil purifier: qs["&\@
3-5.冷凝器condenser: F2B9Q_>P
@@?P\jv~
4.泵按工作分类 G2
4-1.主泵main pump: (jV_L1D
4-2.粗抽泵roughing vacuum pump: "_g3{[es!
4-3.前级真空泵backing vacuum pump: Za*QX|
4-4.粗(低)真空泵 roughing(low)vacuum pump: QR.] ?t;1
4-5.维持真空泵holding vacuum pump: Y&G]M
4-6.高真空泵high vacuum pump: F$|Ec9
4-7.超高真空泵ultra-high vacuum pump: -naj.omG|
4-8.增压真空泵booster vacuum pump: F!LVyY"w
rJ@yOed["b
5.真空泵特性 W=[..d
5-1.真空泵的抽气速率(体积流率)s volume flow rate of a vacuum pump: @TvoCDeI
5-2.真空泵的抽气量Q throughput of vacuum pump:。 b?=>)':f
5-3.起动压力starting pressure: g9rsw7
5-4.前级压力 backing pressure : l$>))cW!
5-5.临界前级压力 critical backing pressure: p+t79F.js
5-6.最大前级压力maximum backing pressure: f|U
J%}$v;
5-7.最大工作压力maximum working pressure: v>4kF _N
5-8.真空泵的极限压力ultimate pressure of a pump: *c0\<BI
5-9.压缩比compression ratio: JdP[
cN
5-10.何氏系数Ho coefficient: kVH^(Pi
5-11.抽速系数speed factor: AP2BND9
5-12.气体的反扩散back-diffusion of gas: )|Ho"VEmg
5-13.泵液返流back-streaming of pump fluid: zvDg1p
5-14.返流率back-streaming rate wva| TZ
5-15.返迁移back-migration: ]]InD N
5-16.爆腾bumping: Q#,j,h
5-17.水蒸气允许量qm water vapor tolerable load: #fuc`X3:HL
5-18.最大允许水蒸气入口压力maximum tolerable water vapor inlet pressure: , :10
5-19.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的加热时间warm-up time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump: 0cpI2
5-20.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的冷却时间cool-down time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump EYsf<8cl
3. 1.一般术语 lrE|>R
1-1.压力计pressure gauge: h=1cD\^|qw
1-2.真空计vacuum gauge: '&|]tu:q
⑴.规头(规管)gauge head: ~&UfnO
⑵.裸规nude gauge : f`[gRcZ-
⑶.真空计控制单元gauge control unit : x}c%8dO#J
⑷.真空计指示单元gauge indicating unit : ITq$8
hv6w=?7
2.真空计一般分类 B!z-O*fLE1
2-1.压差式真空计differential vacuum gauge: UTThl2=+
2-2.绝对真空计 absolute vacuum gauge: uia[>&2
2-3.全压真空计total pressure vacuum gauge: R3[H#*gF<
2-4.分压真空计;分压分析器partial pressure vacuum gauge; partial pressure analyser: ,pg\5b
2-5.相对真空计relative vacuum gauge : +RuPfw{z
G T3wJQ5N
3.真空计特性 RH"&B`
3-1.真空计测量范围pressure range of vacuum gauge: HZG<aY="
3-2.灵敏度系数sensitivity coefficient: VkD8h+)
3-4. 电离规系数(压力单位倒数)ionization gauge coefficient (in inverse pressure units): gmU0/z3&
3-5.规管光电流photon current of vacuum gauge head: 1Ar6hA
3-6.等效氮压力equivalent nitrogen pressure : 0VA$
Ige
3-7.X射线极限值 X-ray limit: z1WF@Ej
3-8.逆X射线效应anti X-ray effect: Z,? T`[4B
3-9.布利尔斯效应blears effect: RyJN=;5p
s-z*Lq*
4.全压真空计 S>'S4MJE`
4-1.液位压力计liquid level manometer: gO E3x^X*{
4-2.弹性元件真空计elastic element vacuum gauge: !OO{qw(*g
4-3.压缩式真空计compression gauge: =LsW\.T6
4-4.压力天平pressure balance: <]/z45?
4-5.粘滞性真空计viscosity gauge : (t{m(;/
4-6.热传导真空计thermal conductivity vacuum gauge : s*XwU
4-7.热分子真空计thermo-molecular gauge: =N+Ou5D
4-8.电离真空计ionization vacuum gauge: o
C5}[cYD`
4-9.放射性电离真空计radioactive ionization gauge: #fb <\!iza
4-10.冷阴极电离真空计cold cathode ionization gauge: fuwv,[m
4-11.潘宁真空计penning gauge: "(U%Vg|)
4-12.冷阴极磁控管真空计cold cathode magnetron gauge: xD(RjL+
4-13.放电管指示器discharge tube indicator: ,IODV`L
4-14.热阴极电离真空计hot cathode ionization gauge: Yy_o*Ozq
4-15.三极管式真空计triode gauge: Vd' KN2Jm
4-16.高压力电离(中真空)真空计high pressure (medium vacuum) ionization gauge: UT^-!L
LB]
4-17.B-A型电离真空计Bayard-Alpert gauge: ?;//%c8,.
4-18.调制型电离真空计modulator gauge: K?4/x4p@
4-19.抑制型电离真空计suppressor gauge: -d|VXD5N
4-20.分离型电离真空计extractor gauge: upJ|`,G{
4-21.弯注型电离真空计bent beam gauge: W/U_:^[-
4-22.弹道型电离真空计 orbitron gauge : bhIyq4N
4-23.热阴极磁控管真空计hot cathode magnetron gauge: 5:=ECtKi
K~?M?sa
5.分压真空计(分压分析器) gEE6O%]g
5-1.射频质谱仪radio frequency mass spectrometer: lF=l|.c
5-2.四极质谱仪(四级滤质器)quadrupole mass spectrometer;quadrupole mass filer: 8ol R#>
5-3.单极质谱仪momopole mass spectrometer: +>F #{b
5-4.双聚焦质谱仪double focusing mass spectrometer: LPOZA`
5-5.磁偏转质谱仪magnetic deflection mass spectrometer: }-e
5-6.余摆线聚焦质谱仪trochoidal focusing mass spectrometer: HfF4BQxm
5-7.回旋质谱仪omegatron mass spectrometer: kRyt|ryWh
5-8.飞行时间质谱仪time of flight mass spectrometer: y[}O(
Ix"hl0Kh
6.真空计校准 8@S5P$b};
6-1.标准真空计reference gauges: .Fz5K&E=
6-2.校准系统system of calibration: 4/Vy@h"A3
6-3.校准系数K calibration coefficient: w84
]s%y
6-4.压缩计法meleod gauge method: A ko}v"d
6-5.膨胀法expansion method: T@GR Tg
6-6.流导法flow method: 'pUJlPGx
4. 1.真空系统vacuum system Vs)%*1><
1-1.真空机组pump system: S[J=d%(
1-2.有油真空机组pump system used oil : G isI/Ir[
1-3.无油真空机组oil free pump system {GaQV-t
1-4.连续处理真空设备continuous treatment vacuum plant: S[TJ{L(
1-5.闸门式真空系统vacuum system with an air-lock: +18)e;
1-6.压差真空系统differentially pumped vacuum system: QSn%~o05
1-7.进气系统gas admittance system: 9}4EW4
xELnik_L2
2.真空系统特性参量
`q ;79t
2-1.抽气装置的抽速volume flow rate of a pumping unit : ~/@5&