“真空术语”好像论坛中没有,发一个希望有朋友喜欢。 xo_Es?
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真空术语 g8w5X!Z
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1.标准环境条件 standard ambient condition: <El6?ml@
2.气体的标准状态 standard reference conditions forgases: +#y[sKa
3.压力(压强)p pressure: M0% ):P?x
4.帕斯卡Pa pascal: x:Kca3p v_
5.托Torr torr: 3AD^B\<gB
6.标准大气压atm standard atmosphere: ;HaG-c</
7.毫巴mbar millibar: #fYz367>
8.分压力 partial pressure: mYzq[p_|j
9.全压力 total pressure: I6FglVQ6
10.真空 vacuum: N~ XzgI
11.真空度 degree of vacuum: Nl1v*9_x
12.真空区域 ranges of vacuum: "-TIao#
13.气体 gas: 8V3SZ17
14.非可凝气体 non-condensable gas: QJ
s/0iw
15.蒸汽vapor: # 1,(I
16.饱和蒸汽压saturation vapor pressure: p68)
0
17.饱和度degree of saturation: PRCr7f
18.饱和蒸汽saturated vapor: ghiFI<)VY
19.未饱和蒸汽unsaturated vapor: %+9Mr ami
20.分子数密度n,m-3 number density of molecules: '&}B"1
21.平均自由程ι、λ,m mean free path: @[S\ FjI
22.碰撞率ψ collision rate: |&TRN1
23.体积碰撞率χ volume collision rate:
D|n`9yv a
24.气体量G quantity of gas: /Et:',D
25.气体的扩散 diffusion of gas: >g6:{-b^a
26.扩散系数D diffusion coefficient; diffusivity: =GjxqIv
27.粘滞流 viscous flow: ~>ACMO
28.粘滞系数η viscous factor: NPEs0|
29.泊肖叶流 poiseuille flow: {j
E}mzi
30.中间流 intermediate flow: mOyBSOad4
31.分子流 molecular flow: p9 |r y+t
32克努曾数 number of knudsen: Ydu=Jg5u7
33.分子泻流 molecular effusion; effusive flow: O.*, e
34.流逸 transpiration: hC8'6h
35.热流逸 thermal transpiration: mY3x
(#I
36.分子流率qN molecular flow rate; molecular flux: C;;dCsiV5
37.分子流率密度 molecular flow rate density; density of molecular flux: avk0pY(n
38.质量流率qm mass flow rare: $3%EKi
39.流量qG throughput of gas: 6kKIDEX
40.体积流率qV volume flow rate: BaTE59W
41.摩尔流率qυ molar flow rate: *B`wQhB%
42.麦克斯韦速度分布 maxwellian velocity distribution: ?+b )=Z
43.传输几率Pc transmission probability: >+fet ,
44.分子流导CN,UN molecular conductance: :\48=>
45.流导C,U conductance: 5o2;26c
46.固有流导Ci,Ui intrinsic conductance: W04-D
47.流阻W resistance: Pd\S{ Y~wk
48.吸附 sorption: #Gs] u
49.表面吸附 adsorption: ^'C1VQ%
50.物理吸附physisorption: aBT|Q@Y.
51.化学吸附 chemisorption: i%0Ml:Y
52.吸收absorption: h4S,(*V$!
53.适应系数α accommodation factor: q!9SANTx
54.入射率υ impingement rate: (~N&ov
55.凝结率condensation rate: sL
XQ)Ce
56.粘着率 sticking rate: D'#Wc#b
57.粘着几率Ps sticking probability: KyNv)=x4c
58.滞留时间τ residence time: 50Co/-)j
59.迁移 migration: QVI4<Rxg
60.解吸 desorption: $v+Q~\'
61.去气 degassing: 2RidI&?c<
62.放气 outgassing: 3j(GcR9
63.解吸或放气或去气速率qGU desorption or outgassing or degassing rate: ~k4S~!(U0
64.蒸发率 evaporation rate: +PY LKyS>
65.渗透 permeation: uG2Hzav
66.渗透率φ permeability: gz-}nCSi
67.渗透系数P permeability coefficient z'MOuz~Y
2. 1.真空泵 vacuum pumps vVmoV0kGt
1-1.容积真空泵 positive displacement pump: y'pAhdF
⑴.气镇真空泵 gas ballast vacuum pump: p0UR5A>p
⑵.油封(液封)真空泵oil sealed (liquid-sealed) vacuum pump: -Yy,L%E]F:
⑶.干封真空泵 dry-sealed vacuum pump: @%fNB,H`
⑷.往复真空泵 piston vacuum pump: diGPTV-?$
⑸.液环真空泵 liquid ring vacuum pump: 6fQNF22E
⑹.旋片真空泵 sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: +glT5sOk
⑺.定片真空泵 rotary piston vacuum pump: KE`}P<K&
⑻.滑阀真空泵 rotary plunger vacuum pump: try'%0}>
⑼.余摆线真空泵 trochoidal vacuum pump: ^N _kiSr
⑽.多室旋片真空泵 multi-chamber sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: uMtq4.
⑾.罗茨真空泵 roots vacuum pump: u!];RHOp|
1-2.动量传输泵 kinetic vacuum pump: lh&Q{t(+8
⑴.牵引分子泵molecular drag pump: vZmM=hW ~
⑵.涡轮分子泵turbo molecular pump: t0d1??G
⑶.喷射真空泵ejector vacuum pump: ^i2W=A'P
⑷.液体喷射真空泵liquid jet vacuum pump: a1_7plg
⑸.气体喷射真空泵gas jet vacuum pump: Zx7Y ,0
⑹.蒸汽喷射真空泵vapor jet vacuum pump : lO9ML-8C1
⑺.扩散泵diffusion pump : V lXUrJ9&
⑻.自净化扩散泵self purifying diffusion pump: oEd+
⑼.分馏扩散泵 fractionating diffusion pump : 9sifc<za
⑽.扩散喷射泵diffusion ejector pump : (V)nHF*<>
⑾.离子传输泵ion transfer pump: U@!e&QPn
1-3.捕集真空泵 entrapment vacuum pump: Ro`9Ibqr
⑴吸附泵adsorption pump: \L-o>O
⑵.吸气剂泵 getter pump: <<W{nSm#
⑶.升华(蒸发)泵 sublimation (evaporation)pump : ]
hGU.C"(
⑷.吸气剂离子泵getter ion pump: $+!/=8R)
⑸.蒸发离子泵 evaporation ion pump: Q\z6/1:9Z
⑹.溅射离子泵sputter ion pump: $DeHo"mg7m
⑺.低温泵cryopump: JwL}|o6
EaaQC]/OX5
2.真空泵零部件 (B{`In8G>y
2-1.泵壳 pump case: w5w,jD[
2-2.入口 inlet: D]\of#%T
2-3.出口outlet: ;fw}<M!6
2-4.旋片(滑片、滑阀)vane; blade : (-viP
2-5.排气阀discharge valve: Kur3Gf X
2-6.气镇阀gas ballast valve: /]zn8d
2-7.膨胀室expansion chamber: }lt5!u~}
2-8.压缩室compression chamber: "`qmeZ$rg
2-9.真空泵油 vacuum pump oil: T^> ST
2-10.泵液 pump fluid: Zvz Zs
2-11.喷嘴 nozzle: kVR_?ch{
2-13.喷嘴扩张率nozzle expansion rate: Ybo:2e
2-14.喷嘴间隙面积 nozzle clearance area : hkB/
OJ
2-15.喷嘴间隙nozzle clearance: v1h\
6r'
2-16.射流jet: )voJq\Y)%
2-17.扩散器diffuser: Is1P,`*!
2-18.扩散器喉部diffuser thoat: <ZO"0oz%
2-19.蒸汽导管vapor tube(pipe;chimney): /j46`F
2-20.喷嘴组件nozzle assembly: *;cvG?V
2-21.下裙skirt: Z"j #kaXA
h|qTMwPr
3.附件 "159Q
3-1阱trap:
|Hx#Uk#
⑴.冷阱 cold trap: 0M=A,`qk
⑵.吸附阱sorption trap: D1hy:KkAv]
⑶.离子阱ion trap: P/i{_r
⑷.冷冻升华阱 cryosublimation trap: Iv])s
3-2.挡板baffle: KUJCkwQ
3-3.油分离器oil separator: N~H!6N W
3-4.油净化器oil purifier: {Tx"G9
3-5.冷凝器condenser: =rz7 x
m31l[e
4.泵按工作分类 QS7<7+
4-1.主泵main pump: <O:}dXqZ
4-2.粗抽泵roughing vacuum pump: 1eHU!{<fqm
4-3.前级真空泵backing vacuum pump: skr dL.5
4-4.粗(低)真空泵 roughing(low)vacuum pump: S$#"bK/p^
4-5.维持真空泵holding vacuum pump: ]R%[cr
4-6.高真空泵high vacuum pump: 8Of.n7{
4-7.超高真空泵ultra-high vacuum pump: nv$>iJ^~H
4-8.增压真空泵booster vacuum pump: ^m0nInH
ZHu"&&
5.真空泵特性 wwh1aV *
5-1.真空泵的抽气速率(体积流率)s volume flow rate of a vacuum pump: 3(&k4
5-2.真空泵的抽气量Q throughput of vacuum pump:。 6g*?(Y][
5-3.起动压力starting pressure: T.bn~Z#f
5-4.前级压力 backing pressure : "x1?T+j4
5-5.临界前级压力 critical backing pressure: Q1kZ+b&
5-6.最大前级压力maximum backing pressure: eX`wQoV%
5-7.最大工作压力maximum working pressure: z)tULnR8
5-8.真空泵的极限压力ultimate pressure of a pump: x%h4'Sm
5-9.压缩比compression ratio: >EE}P|=-
5-10.何氏系数Ho coefficient: v']Tusmg
5-11.抽速系数speed factor: ,9,cN-/a
5-12.气体的反扩散back-diffusion of gas: S\76`Ot
5-13.泵液返流back-streaming of pump fluid: t@X{qm:%Z
5-14.返流率back-streaming rate aH/8&.JLi
5-15.返迁移back-migration: 88 x2Hf5I
5-16.爆腾bumping: fQm3D%
5-17.水蒸气允许量qm water vapor tolerable load: [0bp1S~
5-18.最大允许水蒸气入口压力maximum tolerable water vapor inlet pressure: DpCe_Vb%M
5-19.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的加热时间warm-up time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump: Z.}Z2K
5-20.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的冷却时间cool-down time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump ^%5;Sc1V
3. 1.一般术语 pTB1 I3=.u
1-1.压力计pressure gauge: m@Hg:DY
1-2.真空计vacuum gauge: g)!d03Qoy
⑴.规头(规管)gauge head: c1tM(]&
⑵.裸规nude gauge : i[Qq,MmC
⑶.真空计控制单元gauge control unit : o[I
s$j
⑷.真空计指示单元gauge indicating unit : 5J-slNNCQ
v[~~q
2.真空计一般分类 E]w2
{%
2-1.压差式真空计differential vacuum gauge: M{z&h>
2-2.绝对真空计 absolute vacuum gauge: s4uZ >
2-3.全压真空计total pressure vacuum gauge: 4 :phq
2-4.分压真空计;分压分析器partial pressure vacuum gauge; partial pressure analyser: :3N6Ej
2-5.相对真空计relative vacuum gauge : _<Ip0?N
_|r/*(hh
3.真空计特性 ajCe&+
3-1.真空计测量范围pressure range of vacuum gauge: /'4]"%i%3
3-2.灵敏度系数sensitivity coefficient: Prc(
3-4. 电离规系数(压力单位倒数)ionization gauge coefficient (in inverse pressure units): ~%eZQgqA*
3-5.规管光电流photon current of vacuum gauge head: &>n:7
3-6.等效氮压力equivalent nitrogen pressure : 5X PoQ^
3-7.X射线极限值 X-ray limit: \J(kevX
3-8.逆X射线效应anti X-ray effect: 8\F|{vt#
3-9.布利尔斯效应blears effect: h[bC#(
g-pEt#
4.全压真空计 }wB!Bx2
4-1.液位压力计liquid level manometer: '2qbIYanh
4-2.弹性元件真空计elastic element vacuum gauge: r}:Dg
fn
4-3.压缩式真空计compression gauge: ! FVD_8
4-4.压力天平pressure balance: /&Hl62Ak
4-5.粘滞性真空计viscosity gauge : I)\{?LdHR
4-6.热传导真空计thermal conductivity vacuum gauge : ,\-4X
4-7.热分子真空计thermo-molecular gauge: '/s/o]'sUd
4-8.电离真空计ionization vacuum gauge: C>Q|"Vf2
4-9.放射性电离真空计radioactive ionization gauge: 6W<Ig;
4-10.冷阴极电离真空计cold cathode ionization gauge: rR4?*90vjj
4-11.潘宁真空计penning gauge: c!kz wc(
4-12.冷阴极磁控管真空计cold cathode magnetron gauge: SJ}PV:x
4-13.放电管指示器discharge tube indicator: y*Gq VA[
4-14.热阴极电离真空计hot cathode ionization gauge: ba tXj]:
4-15.三极管式真空计triode gauge: xyP0haE
4-16.高压力电离(中真空)真空计high pressure (medium vacuum) ionization gauge: ov5g`uud
4-17.B-A型电离真空计Bayard-Alpert gauge: ef@F!s_fI
4-18.调制型电离真空计modulator gauge: aECpe'!m4
4-19.抑制型电离真空计suppressor gauge: iu9+1+-
4-20.分离型电离真空计extractor gauge: gj7'43
?W
4-21.弯注型电离真空计bent beam gauge: d(j
g
"@
4-22.弹道型电离真空计 orbitron gauge : }tW1\@
=
4-23.热阴极磁控管真空计hot cathode magnetron gauge: _VB;fH$
|['SiO$)
5.分压真空计(分压分析器) G%junS'zt
5-1.射频质谱仪radio frequency mass spectrometer: ?e%u[ Q0
5-2.四极质谱仪(四级滤质器)quadrupole mass spectrometer;quadrupole mass filer: :*vSC: q
5-3.单极质谱仪momopole mass spectrometer: Rzyaicj^c
5-4.双聚焦质谱仪double focusing mass spectrometer: [s[!PlazX
5-5.磁偏转质谱仪magnetic deflection mass spectrometer: cj4o[l
5-6.余摆线聚焦质谱仪trochoidal focusing mass spectrometer: HqI[]T@
5-7.回旋质谱仪omegatron mass spectrometer: V`0Y
p
5-8.飞行时间质谱仪time of flight mass spectrometer: :j#zn~7
_}j6Pw'
6.真空计校准 </B:Zjn
6-1.标准真空计reference gauges: T2A74>Nw
6-2.校准系统system of calibration: 8PqlbLo1
6-3.校准系数K calibration coefficient: *'BI=*`
6-4.压缩计法meleod gauge method: Ax 4R$P.]u
6-5.膨胀法expansion method: cpPS8V
6-6.流导法flow method: b)>l7nOc
4. 1.真空系统vacuum system (S?qxW?
1-1.真空机组pump system: sHPlNwyy
1-2.有油真空机组pump system used oil : oore:`m;
1-3.无油真空机组oil free pump system #'m#Q6`
1-4.连续处理真空设备continuous treatment vacuum plant: g2vt(Gf ;
1-5.闸门式真空系统vacuum system with an air-lock: cpH*!*S
1-6.压差真空系统differentially pumped vacuum system: RDeI l&
1-7.进气系统gas admittance system: rcf#8
*c(J4
2.真空系统特性参量 ^Ge|tBMoKE
2-1.抽气装置的抽速volume flow rate of a pumping unit : 5>:p'zI
2-2.抽气装置的抽气量throughput of a pumping unit : P@<K&S+f
2-3.真空系统的放气速率degassing(outgassing) throughput of a vacuum system: ?'>[nm
2-4.真空系统的漏气速率leak throughput of a vacuum system: V0bKtg1f?-
2-5.真空容器的升压速率rate of pressure rise of a vacuum chamber: iA4VT,
2-6.极限压力ultimate pressure: R0yp9icS
2-7.残余压力residual pressure: <899r \
2-8.残余气体谱residual gas spectrum: ]>0$l _V
2-9.基础压力base pressure: Qqd +=mgc
2-10.工作压力working pressure: }5d|y*
2-11.粗抽时间roughing time: {;38&