“真空术语”好像论坛中没有,发一个希望有朋友喜欢。 _E6N*ORV
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真空术语 ZUz7h^3@
H}CmSo8&
1.标准环境条件 standard ambient condition: *1_Ef).
2.气体的标准状态 standard reference conditions forgases: fuF{8-ua
3.压力(压强)p pressure: [io|qLr}\
4.帕斯卡Pa pascal: # M!1W5#
5.托Torr torr: |}<Gz+E>
6.标准大气压atm standard atmosphere: HN5,MD[
7.毫巴mbar millibar: WoNY8
8hT
8.分压力 partial pressure: Y"m(hs$
9.全压力 total pressure: MtoOIkQ
10.真空 vacuum: P6'Se'f8
11.真空度 degree of vacuum: F=#V/ #ia
12.真空区域 ranges of vacuum: WA:r4V
13.气体 gas: Unb3
Gv#O
14.非可凝气体 non-condensable gas: ###>0(n
15.蒸汽vapor: M#m;jJqON
16.饱和蒸汽压saturation vapor pressure: YB2gxZ
17.饱和度degree of saturation: L2~'Z'q
18.饱和蒸汽saturated vapor: 'ShK7j$
19.未饱和蒸汽unsaturated vapor: /Bh*MH
20.分子数密度n,m-3 number density of molecules: &CN(PZv
21.平均自由程ι、λ,m mean free path: -R\dg S3
22.碰撞率ψ collision rate: *0Fz." v
23.体积碰撞率χ volume collision rate: wArfnB&
24.气体量G quantity of gas: Vry_X2
25.气体的扩散 diffusion of gas: &Vgpv#&Cfx
26.扩散系数D diffusion coefficient; diffusivity: zZ<*
27.粘滞流 viscous flow: pv-c>8Wb6
28.粘滞系数η viscous factor: =_ b/g
29.泊肖叶流 poiseuille flow: MOnTp8
30.中间流 intermediate flow: ~<s =yjTu+
31.分子流 molecular flow: :g^
mg-8
32克努曾数 number of knudsen: ;YW@ 3F-h
33.分子泻流 molecular effusion; effusive flow: oVPr`]
34.流逸 transpiration: Ek6g?rj_
35.热流逸 thermal transpiration: CA5`uh
36.分子流率qN molecular flow rate; molecular flux: g-"G Zi
37.分子流率密度 molecular flow rate density; density of molecular flux: :XG~AR/
38.质量流率qm mass flow rare: 1<_/Qu>V
39.流量qG throughput of gas: |5X[/Q*K`W
40.体积流率qV volume flow rate: =adHP|S
41.摩尔流率qυ molar flow rate: 0_MtmmL.
42.麦克斯韦速度分布 maxwellian velocity distribution: a_?b<
43.传输几率Pc transmission probability: /wt7KL-I
44.分子流导CN,UN molecular conductance: 4K?
\5(b
45.流导C,U conductance: Vp|?R65S*
46.固有流导Ci,Ui intrinsic conductance: ;+6><O!G
47.流阻W resistance: }*xjO/Ey
48.吸附 sorption: e6J^J&`|4
49.表面吸附 adsorption: -57~7
<N
50.物理吸附physisorption: n_9Ex&?e
51.化学吸附 chemisorption: .8!\6=iJB
52.吸收absorption: >0<n%V#s:r
53.适应系数α accommodation factor: _ezRE"F5
54.入射率υ impingement rate: Ro"'f7(v.
55.凝结率condensation rate: #vga
qe9
56.粘着率 sticking rate: ~?HK,`0h>
57.粘着几率Ps sticking probability: /WE\0bf
58.滞留时间τ residence time: s8>y&b.
59.迁移 migration: F@f4-NR>
60.解吸 desorption: VwPoQ9pIS
61.去气 degassing: ]7Sf)
62.放气 outgassing: Y<irNp9
63.解吸或放气或去气速率qGU desorption or outgassing or degassing rate: 2bG3&G
64.蒸发率 evaporation rate: yV\%K6d|3&
65.渗透 permeation: Abt<23$h
66.渗透率φ permeability: OoH-E.lp
67.渗透系数P permeability coefficient H${L F.8
2. 1.真空泵 vacuum pumps tzIP4CR~F&
1-1.容积真空泵 positive displacement pump: p^<(.+P4
⑴.气镇真空泵 gas ballast vacuum pump: '6&o:t
⑵.油封(液封)真空泵oil sealed (liquid-sealed) vacuum pump: F=1 #qo<?
⑶.干封真空泵 dry-sealed vacuum pump:
;(Ug]U%3_
⑷.往复真空泵 piston vacuum pump: ;<m`mb4x[
⑸.液环真空泵 liquid ring vacuum pump: /3~L#jS
⑹.旋片真空泵 sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: ~i>DF`w$
⑺.定片真空泵 rotary piston vacuum pump: prz COw
⑻.滑阀真空泵 rotary plunger vacuum pump: -8Mb~Hfl0
⑼.余摆线真空泵 trochoidal vacuum pump: 3c3;8h$k
⑽.多室旋片真空泵 multi-chamber sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: ?{B5gaU9F
⑾.罗茨真空泵 roots vacuum pump: n-" (~
1-2.动量传输泵 kinetic vacuum pump: N\g=9o|Q
⑴.牵引分子泵molecular drag pump: ; /K6U
⑵.涡轮分子泵turbo molecular pump: *S:~U
⑶.喷射真空泵ejector vacuum pump: <a @7's
⑷.液体喷射真空泵liquid jet vacuum pump: Dn 0L%?_
⑸.气体喷射真空泵gas jet vacuum pump: Z}uY%]
⑹.蒸汽喷射真空泵vapor jet vacuum pump : 4hwb]
Yz
⑺.扩散泵diffusion pump : "N6HX*
⑻.自净化扩散泵self purifying diffusion pump: ge
GhM>G
⑼.分馏扩散泵 fractionating diffusion pump : :#^qn|{e
⑽.扩散喷射泵diffusion ejector pump : 8$\j| mN
⑾.离子传输泵ion transfer pump: {Fw"y %a^
1-3.捕集真空泵 entrapment vacuum pump: zH}3J}
⑴吸附泵adsorption pump: hDJG.,r
⑵.吸气剂泵 getter pump: U\?D;ABQ%
⑶.升华(蒸发)泵 sublimation (evaporation)pump : i`r`Fj}-S-
⑷.吸气剂离子泵getter ion pump: yT@Aj;X0v
⑸.蒸发离子泵 evaporation ion pump: JpC=ACF
⑹.溅射离子泵sputter ion pump: d,98W=7
⑺.低温泵cryopump: cE
'LE1DK
b3E1S+\=~
2.真空泵零部件 /h+ W L
2-1.泵壳 pump case: |du%c`wl
2-2.入口 inlet: 3u/JcU-<
2-3.出口outlet: $e7%>*?m
2-4.旋片(滑片、滑阀)vane; blade : _)
x{TnK
2-5.排气阀discharge valve: P|$n
2-6.气镇阀gas ballast valve: U`qC.s(L
2-7.膨胀室expansion chamber: g&xj(SMj-$
2-8.压缩室compression chamber: zY_J7,0g
2-9.真空泵油 vacuum pump oil: 9efey? z
2-10.泵液 pump fluid: jL\j$'KC
2-11.喷嘴 nozzle: Qq`S=:}~x
2-13.喷嘴扩张率nozzle expansion rate: :kR>wX
2-14.喷嘴间隙面积 nozzle clearance area : iv~R4;;)
2-15.喷嘴间隙nozzle clearance: j*?8w(!
2-16.射流jet: T:@6(_Z
2-17.扩散器diffuser: >^jBE''
2-18.扩散器喉部diffuser thoat: //2O#Fg{/
2-19.蒸汽导管vapor tube(pipe;chimney): lfHN_fE>Mq
2-20.喷嘴组件nozzle assembly: \DQu!l@1U
2-21.下裙skirt: {fACfSW6
2j%=o?me^p
3.附件 Z&Ob,Ru
3-1阱trap: A
r]*?:4y[
⑴.冷阱 cold trap: Lxp}o7>K
⑵.吸附阱sorption trap: u>fMO9X}2
⑶.离子阱ion trap: HRyFjAR\?
⑷.冷冻升华阱 cryosublimation trap: 6^LXctW.
3-2.挡板baffle: &>Ve4!i
q
3-3.油分离器oil separator: UXBWCo;-
3-4.油净化器oil purifier: metn&
3-5.冷凝器condenser: i#*[,
P~
),p0V
4.泵按工作分类 #("M4}~
4-1.主泵main pump: RBrb7D{
4-2.粗抽泵roughing vacuum pump: /&Oo)OB;
4-3.前级真空泵backing vacuum pump: $M)i]ekm
4-4.粗(低)真空泵 roughing(low)vacuum pump: c36p+6rJk=
4-5.维持真空泵holding vacuum pump: (Ut8pa+yX
4-6.高真空泵high vacuum pump: !YAX.e
4-7.超高真空泵ultra-high vacuum pump: 5,gT|4|B\g
4-8.增压真空泵booster vacuum pump: RD:G9[
MWv@]P_0p!
5.真空泵特性 %jjPs.
5-1.真空泵的抽气速率(体积流率)s volume flow rate of a vacuum pump: u4~+Bc_GL
5-2.真空泵的抽气量Q throughput of vacuum pump:。 T-a>k.}y
5-3.起动压力starting pressure: m~
ah!QM
5-4.前级压力 backing pressure : uM`i!7}
5-5.临界前级压力 critical backing pressure: %JE>Z]
5-6.最大前级压力maximum backing pressure: wH o}wp
5-7.最大工作压力maximum working pressure: "KP]3EyPc
5-8.真空泵的极限压力ultimate pressure of a pump: <4Gy~?
5-9.压缩比compression ratio: Gf"TI:xa
5-10.何氏系数Ho coefficient: l%EvXdZuOy
5-11.抽速系数speed factor: GFdbwn5B
5-12.气体的反扩散back-diffusion of gas:
d78 [(;
5-13.泵液返流back-streaming of pump fluid: _l7_!Il_
5-14.返流率back-streaming rate !{^kH;*u
5-15.返迁移back-migration: v'S]g^
5-16.爆腾bumping: S3Y.+. 0U
5-17.水蒸气允许量qm water vapor tolerable load: HQP.7.w7 5
5-18.最大允许水蒸气入口压力maximum tolerable water vapor inlet pressure: Kz42AC
5-19.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的加热时间warm-up time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump: jvB[bS`<H
5-20.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的冷却时间cool-down time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump <rE>?zvm
3. 1.一般术语 ]_h3
1-1.压力计pressure gauge: > mO*.' Gm
1-2.真空计vacuum gauge: VH]}{i"`
⑴.规头(规管)gauge head: kAEq +{h
⑵.裸规nude gauge : I*N"_uKU
⑶.真空计控制单元gauge control unit : !0@4*>n
⑷.真空计指示单元gauge indicating unit : FB?~:7+'
MG vz-E1e
2.真空计一般分类 |;US)B8}*Z
2-1.压差式真空计differential vacuum gauge: u"qVT9C$=
2-2.绝对真空计 absolute vacuum gauge: J|
N 6r
2-3.全压真空计total pressure vacuum gauge: V,rc&97
2-4.分压真空计;分压分析器partial pressure vacuum gauge; partial pressure analyser: ~Tt@v`}
2-5.相对真空计relative vacuum gauge : @\&j3A
<Ja&z M
3.真空计特性 j<~Wp$\i7>
3-1.真空计测量范围pressure range of vacuum gauge: f/J/tt
3-2.灵敏度系数sensitivity coefficient: Ge`7`D>L
3-4. 电离规系数(压力单位倒数)ionization gauge coefficient (in inverse pressure units): j_2g*lQ7a
3-5.规管光电流photon current of vacuum gauge head: )oCL![^pXe
3-6.等效氮压力equivalent nitrogen pressure : l48$8Mgrr
3-7.X射线极限值 X-ray limit: h]s6)tII
3-8.逆X射线效应anti X-ray effect: gw"cXny
3-9.布利尔斯效应blears effect: OY{fxBb
nz?[
4.全压真空计 [gBf1,bK
4-1.液位压力计liquid level manometer: HZAT_
4-2.弹性元件真空计elastic element vacuum gauge: u*@R`,Y
4-3.压缩式真空计compression gauge: +JtK VF
4-4.压力天平pressure balance: X "7CN Td
4-5.粘滞性真空计viscosity gauge : 7_ix&oVI
4-6.热传导真空计thermal conductivity vacuum gauge : k3$'K}=d
4-7.热分子真空计thermo-molecular gauge: zj r($?
4-8.电离真空计ionization vacuum gauge: 6#U~>r/
4-9.放射性电离真空计radioactive ionization gauge: A.r7 ks
4-10.冷阴极电离真空计cold cathode ionization gauge: 68z#9}
4-11.潘宁真空计penning gauge: }3: mn
4-12.冷阴极磁控管真空计cold cathode magnetron gauge: ltuV2.$
4-13.放电管指示器discharge tube indicator: @
3=pFYW)
4-14.热阴极电离真空计hot cathode ionization gauge: .rk5u4yK
4-15.三极管式真空计triode gauge: r[V%DU$dj
4-16.高压力电离(中真空)真空计high pressure (medium vacuum) ionization gauge: @ !")shc
4-17.B-A型电离真空计Bayard-Alpert gauge: /^xv1F{
4-18.调制型电离真空计modulator gauge: 29J|eBvxx
4-19.抑制型电离真空计suppressor gauge: n'mrLZw
4-20.分离型电离真空计extractor gauge: Ij(<(y{?Q1
4-21.弯注型电离真空计bent beam gauge: hn2:@^=f
4-22.弹道型电离真空计 orbitron gauge : 9 wR D=a
4-23.热阴极磁控管真空计hot cathode magnetron gauge: LKvX~68
q.=Q
5.分压真空计(分压分析器) Dh`&B
5-1.射频质谱仪radio frequency mass spectrometer: aaU4Jl?L
5-2.四极质谱仪(四级滤质器)quadrupole mass spectrometer;quadrupole mass filer: KuwhA-IL
5-3.单极质谱仪momopole mass spectrometer: IQ<G.
5-4.双聚焦质谱仪double focusing mass spectrometer: vy~6]hH
5-5.磁偏转质谱仪magnetic deflection mass spectrometer: 5Yv*f:
5-6.余摆线聚焦质谱仪trochoidal focusing mass spectrometer: G@DNV3Cc
5-7.回旋质谱仪omegatron mass spectrometer: ZOfv\(iJ;
5-8.飞行时间质谱仪time of flight mass spectrometer: 1K3XNHF
Z~SAlhT
6.真空计校准 {oY"CZ2
6-1.标准真空计reference gauges: /4Wf\
Zu
6-2.校准系统system of calibration: fh`Y2s|:7R
6-3.校准系数K calibration coefficient: !f(A9V
6-4.压缩计法meleod gauge method: &C
MBTY#u
6-5.膨胀法expansion method: ,5zY1C==Ut
6-6.流导法flow method: B`QF;,3S
4. 1.真空系统vacuum system S=P}Jpq?Y;
1-1.真空机组pump system: WILa8"M
1-2.有油真空机组pump system used oil : AT
I=&O`
1-3.无油真空机组oil free pump system dsw^$R}
1-4.连续处理真空设备continuous treatment vacuum plant: =k<b* 8
1-5.闸门式真空系统vacuum system with an air-lock:
;cf$u}+
1-6.压差真空系统differentially pumped vacuum system: =b$g_+
1-7.进气系统gas admittance system: D-@6 hWh~
uH$hMg
2.真空系统特性参量 B)7 :*Kj
2-1.抽气装置的抽速volume flow rate of a pumping unit : 4e>f}u5
2-2.抽气装置的抽气量throughput of a pumping unit : BywEoS
2-3.真空系统的放气速率degassing(outgassing) throughput of a vacuum system: huv|l6
2-4.真空系统的漏气速率leak throughput of a vacuum system: D>jtz2y=D
2-5.真空容器的升压速率rate of pressure rise of a vacuum chamber: 2#$7!`6K
2-6.极限压力ultimate pressure: ,2!7iX
2-7.残余压力residual pressure: z#RwgSPw6
2-8.残余气体谱residual gas spectrum: [cDDZ+6
2-9.基础压力base pressure: 2n>mISy+
2-10.工作压力working pressure: e6'0g=Y#
2-11.粗抽时间roughing time: EUt2S_2P
2-12.抽气时间pump-down time: ])y)]H#{
2-13.真空系统时间常数time constant of a vacuum system: #(qvhoi7lM
2-14.真空系统进气时间venting time: NUiv"tAY
)Mq4p'*A[
3.真空容器 w$$pTk|&n
3-1.真空容器;真空室vacuum chamber: T#rUbi>""
3-2.封离真空装置sealed vacuum device: |b@`ykD
3-3.真空钟罩vacuum bell jar: v89tV9O)
3-4.真空容器底板vacuum base plate: M GC=L .
3-5.真空岐管vacuum manifold: _Rjbm'kC
3-6.前级真空容器(贮气罐)backing reservoir: Wx/PD=Sf&
3-7.真空保护层outer chamber: ) 5`^@zx
3-8.真空闸室vacuum air lock: l{r HXST|
3-9.真空冷凝器;蒸汽冷凝器device for condensing vapor: qtVgjT2#H
6G4~-_
4.真空封接和真空引入线 }c9RDpjh~
4-1.永久性真空封接permanent seal : s;<]gaonB_
4.2.玻璃分级过渡封接graded seal : %QDAog
4-3.压缩玻璃金属封接compression glass-to-metal seal: 4Vj]bm
4-4.匹配式玻璃金属封接matched glass-to-metal seal: kazgI>"Q8
4-5.陶瓷金属封接ceramic-to-metal seal: %j2 :W\g:
4-6.半永久性真空封接semi-permanent seal : C]ho7qC
4-7.可拆卸的真空封接demountable joint: U>n.+/ss
4-8.液体真空封接liquid seal Rz>@G>b:
4-9.熔融金属真空封接molten metal seal: JvT#Fxj k
4-10.研磨面搭接封接ground and lapped seal: ]$)};8;7W
4-11.真空法兰连接vacuum flange connection: \HoVS
4-12.真空密封垫vacuum-tight gasket: 2CtCG8o
4-13.真空密封圈ring gasket: _NuHz
4-14.真空平密封垫flat gasket: /$qB&OWJn
4-15.真空引入线feedthrough leadthrough: ,uO?f1
4-16.真空轴密封shaft seal: =AK6^v&on
4-17.真空窗vacuum window: t P'._0n0
4-18.观察窗viewing window: 4.%/u@rAi
Jk<b#SZ[b
5.真空阀门 >r:z`^p
5-1.真空阀门的特性characteristic of vacuum valves: k fOd|-
⑴.真空阀门的流导conductance of vacuum valves: !9C]Fs*`?
⑵.真空阀门的阀座漏气率leak rate of the vacuum seat: 5?#AS#TD'
5-2.真空调节阀regulating valve: i[vN3`*B
5-3.微调阀 micro-adjustable valve: M1DV 9~S
5-4.充气阀charge valve: 0rDQJCm
5-5.进气阀gas admittance valve: 1- GtZ2
5-6.真空截止阀break valve: ]nS9taEA
5-7.前级真空阀backing valve: EffU-=?%!
5-8.旁通阀 by-pass valve: ;M#D*<ucI:
5-9.主真空阀main vacuum valve: t(^Lh.<a
5-10.低真空阀low vacuum valve: A{hST~s
5-11.高真空阀high vacuum valve: .GDY
J9vi
5-12.超高真空阀;UHV阀 ultra-high vacuum valve: vf<Tq
5-13.手动阀manually operated valve: "X1{*
5-14.气动阀pneumatically operated valve: <~5$<L4
5-15.电磁阀electromagnetically operated valve: / vzwokH
5-16.电动阀valve with electrically motorized operation: G;msq=9|
5-17.挡板阀baffle valve: pKL^<'w0
5-18.翻板阀flap valve: bu\D*-
5-19.插板阀gate valve: #0M,g
5-20.蝶阀butterfly valve: rYA4(rYq
sgeME^ v
6.真空管路 4mWT"T-8
6-1.粗抽管路roughing line: V/DdV}n!
6-2.前级真空管路backing line: '6>nXp?)r
6-3.旁通管路;By-Pass管路 by-pass line: \xtmd[7lb<
6-4.抽气封口接头pumping stem: sv>c)L}I
6-5.真空限流件limiting conductance: }~Y#N
6-6.过滤器filter: /I#SP/M&l
5. 1.一般术语 z:tu_5w!,
1-1真空镀膜vacuum coating: pdR&2fp
1-2基片substrate: '"Dgov$q
1-3试验基片testing substrate: kasx4m]^
1-4镀膜材料coating material: N5GQ2V
1-5蒸发材料evaporation material: A!5)$>!o
1-6溅射材料sputtering material: kKSn^qL*
1-7膜层材料(膜层材质)film material: Ll6|Wh X
1-8蒸发速率evaporation rate: e0u*\b
1-9溅射速率sputtering rate: Kd,7x'h`E
1-10沉积速率deposition rate: ^,Y#_$oR
1-11镀膜角度coating angle: uJHf6Ye
6t6#<ts
2.工艺 a@WSIcX*W
2-1真空蒸膜vacuum evaporation coating: (A8X|Y
(1).同时蒸发simultaneous evaporation: (/l9@0Y.t
(2).蒸发场蒸发evaporation field evaporation: uYwJ[1C
(3).反应性真空蒸发reactive vacuum evaporation: xyTjK.N
(4).蒸发器中的反应性真空蒸发reactive vacuum evaporation in evaporator: ,U/ZG|=v
(5).直接加热的蒸发direct heating evaporation: A
ptzBs/
(6).感应加热蒸发induced heating evaporation: Mi"dFx^Md
(7).电子束蒸发electron beam evaporation: {p(.ckze+
(8).激光束蒸发laser beam evaporation: i;B)@op.#
(9).间接加热的蒸发indirect heating evaporation: H@,(
(10).闪蒸flash evaportion: cw{[% 7
2-2真空溅射vacuum sputtering: :<Y, f(c
(1).反应性真空溅射 reactive vacuum sputtering: ^cF_z}Zi+
(2).偏压溅射bias sputtering: :Keek-E`e=
(3).直流二级溅射direct current diode sputtering: "8Y4;lbN.q
(4).非对称性交流溅射asymmtric alternate current sputtering: U_c.Z{lC4
(5).高频二极溅射high frequency diode sputtering: g"sW_y_O
(6).热阴极直流溅射(三极型溅射)hot cathode direct current sputtering: W.u}Q@
(7).热阴极高频溅射(三极型溅射)hot cathode high frequency sputtering: hK&/A+*
(8).离子束溅射ion beam sputtering: 8wqHr@}p
(9).辉光放电清洗glow discharge cleaning: }@:vq8%Q
2-3物理气相沉积PVD physical vapor deposition: @dCoh-Q3
2-4化学气相沉积CVD chemical vapor deposition: &iD