“真空术语”好像论坛中没有,发一个希望有朋友喜欢。 WZ?!!
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真空术语 FH*RU1Z
}bMWTT
1.标准环境条件 standard ambient condition: Df@/cT
2.气体的标准状态 standard reference conditions forgases: d(S}NH
3.压力(压强)p pressure: uV~e|X
"9s
4.帕斯卡Pa pascal: uTGcQs}
5.托Torr torr: H/J<Pd$p
6.标准大气压atm standard atmosphere: ~NNv>5t5
7.毫巴mbar millibar: Y6ben7j%-
8.分压力 partial pressure: *#2Rvt*Ox
9.全压力 total pressure: @^?XaU
10.真空 vacuum: <AUWby,"
11.真空度 degree of vacuum: &Rp"rMeW
12.真空区域 ranges of vacuum: N E=
w6
13.气体 gas: 'msmXX@q
14.非可凝气体 non-condensable gas: uvB1VV4
15.蒸汽vapor: 254~:eB0
16.饱和蒸汽压saturation vapor pressure: Jqru AW<
17.饱和度degree of saturation: ~ E *d G
18.饱和蒸汽saturated vapor: V`k8j-*s
19.未饱和蒸汽unsaturated vapor: 4;*f1_;f~
20.分子数密度n,m-3 number density of molecules: A*'V+(
21.平均自由程ι、λ,m mean free path: (F8AL6
22.碰撞率ψ collision rate: "^%Z'ou
23.体积碰撞率χ volume collision rate: T~s}N x#
24.气体量G quantity of gas: 3k'.(P|F
25.气体的扩散 diffusion of gas: Gzm$OHbn
26.扩散系数D diffusion coefficient; diffusivity: cOku1g8
27.粘滞流 viscous flow: &iSD/W
28.粘滞系数η viscous factor: =nVmthGw
29.泊肖叶流 poiseuille flow: >&Fa(o;*
30.中间流 intermediate flow: rkYjq4Z@
31.分子流 molecular flow: B*@6xS[IL
32克努曾数 number of knudsen: |Td5l?
33.分子泻流 molecular effusion; effusive flow: inF6M8
A1
34.流逸 transpiration: QIV%6q+*R
35.热流逸 thermal transpiration: r(`nt-o@
36.分子流率qN molecular flow rate; molecular flux: - DL"-%X.
37.分子流率密度 molecular flow rate density; density of molecular flux: np6HUH
38.质量流率qm mass flow rare: k^%_V|&W/(
39.流量qG throughput of gas: G;]:$J
40.体积流率qV volume flow rate: Fu)Th|5GZ
41.摩尔流率qυ molar flow rate: ax@H"d&
42.麦克斯韦速度分布 maxwellian velocity distribution:
(ZPXdr
43.传输几率Pc transmission probability: mU G
%LM
44.分子流导CN,UN molecular conductance: ~7SH4Cr
45.流导C,U conductance: ^?"^Pmw
46.固有流导Ci,Ui intrinsic conductance: +t]Xj1Q
47.流阻W resistance: U:lv^QPG
48.吸附 sorption: nq;#_Rkr
49.表面吸附 adsorption: z[&s5"
50.物理吸附physisorption: qY(:8yC36
51.化学吸附 chemisorption: r4eUZ .8R
52.吸收absorption: }<[Db}?9
53.适应系数α accommodation factor: +Me2U9
54.入射率υ impingement rate: rsF:4G"%
55.凝结率condensation rate: i_U}{|j
56.粘着率 sticking rate: nNn56&N]
57.粘着几率Ps sticking probability: e.;M.8N#SQ
58.滞留时间τ residence time: t(?<#KUB-
59.迁移 migration: T;?+kC3
60.解吸 desorption: fLB1)kTS
61.去气 degassing: 1D{#rA.X
62.放气 outgassing: d6.}.*7Whc
63.解吸或放气或去气速率qGU desorption or outgassing or degassing rate: kx{!b3"
64.蒸发率 evaporation rate: vA-PR&
65.渗透 permeation: {XnPx?V
66.渗透率φ permeability: E
$6ejGw-
67.渗透系数P permeability coefficient DQgH_!
2. 1.真空泵 vacuum pumps ybvI?#
1-1.容积真空泵 positive displacement pump: I@./${o
⑴.气镇真空泵 gas ballast vacuum pump: Y60"M4j
⑵.油封(液封)真空泵oil sealed (liquid-sealed) vacuum pump: +1@AGJU3
⑶.干封真空泵 dry-sealed vacuum pump: aRwnRii
⑷.往复真空泵 piston vacuum pump: Ew4g'A:H
⑸.液环真空泵 liquid ring vacuum pump: C\Ayv)S#2
⑹.旋片真空泵 sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: Hj~O49%j&
⑺.定片真空泵 rotary piston vacuum pump: Lq04T0
⑻.滑阀真空泵 rotary plunger vacuum pump: Q}P-$X+/ n
⑼.余摆线真空泵 trochoidal vacuum pump: /V^sJ($V$~
⑽.多室旋片真空泵 multi-chamber sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: e@jfIF0=}
⑾.罗茨真空泵 roots vacuum pump: ;~/4d-
1-2.动量传输泵 kinetic vacuum pump: 4lz{G*u
⑴.牵引分子泵molecular drag pump: E`xU m9F
⑵.涡轮分子泵turbo molecular pump: Y';>O `
⑶.喷射真空泵ejector vacuum pump: zj20;5o>U&
⑷.液体喷射真空泵liquid jet vacuum pump: <t}? $1
⑸.气体喷射真空泵gas jet vacuum pump: UqtHxEI%R~
⑹.蒸汽喷射真空泵vapor jet vacuum pump : S< x:t(
⑺.扩散泵diffusion pump : yJ/#"z=h?
⑻.自净化扩散泵self purifying diffusion pump: 8:{q8xZ=k
⑼.分馏扩散泵 fractionating diffusion pump : .~`Y)PON
⑽.扩散喷射泵diffusion ejector pump : yGEb7I$h
⑾.离子传输泵ion transfer pump: _T]>/}}p
1-3.捕集真空泵 entrapment vacuum pump: :s*>W$Wp4
⑴吸附泵adsorption pump: #&siHHs \
⑵.吸气剂泵 getter pump: .,mPdVof
⑶.升华(蒸发)泵 sublimation (evaporation)pump :
{tt$w>X
⑷.吸气剂离子泵getter ion pump: -1W
⑸.蒸发离子泵 evaporation ion pump: J
Jy{@[m
⑹.溅射离子泵sputter ion pump: ma]?
)1<{
⑺.低温泵cryopump: SE!L :
f z%tA39m
2.真空泵零部件 oh\1>3,Ns
2-1.泵壳 pump case: K0<yvew
2-2.入口 inlet: x!?Z*v@I
2-3.出口outlet: t!jwY /T
2-4.旋片(滑片、滑阀)vane; blade : O5;-Om
2-5.排气阀discharge valve: ]kS7n@8
2-6.气镇阀gas ballast valve: w3bIb$12
2-7.膨胀室expansion chamber: <SQ(~xYi
2-8.压缩室compression chamber: 6V;:+"BkJ
2-9.真空泵油 vacuum pump oil: },PBqWe
2-10.泵液 pump fluid: PU+1=%'V
2-11.喷嘴 nozzle: AZwa4n}"
2-13.喷嘴扩张率nozzle expansion rate: RgGA$HN/
2-14.喷嘴间隙面积 nozzle clearance area : =pp:j`B9(
2-15.喷嘴间隙nozzle clearance: NI\H
\#bJ
2-16.射流jet: D5`(}
2-17.扩散器diffuser: BKA]G)G7u!
2-18.扩散器喉部diffuser thoat: RVP 18ub.S
2-19.蒸汽导管vapor tube(pipe;chimney): XS|mKuMcC
2-20.喷嘴组件nozzle assembly: Ab
g$W/(|
2-21.下裙skirt: %6 ]\^
M(5D'4.
3.附件 h5!d
3-1阱trap: -+P7:4/
⑴.冷阱 cold trap: mV zu~xym
⑵.吸附阱sorption trap: D rTM$)
⑶.离子阱ion trap: a#QByP
⑷.冷冻升华阱 cryosublimation trap: {^wdJZ~QLK
3-2.挡板baffle: gj;@?o0
3-3.油分离器oil separator: @1.9PR$x
3-4.油净化器oil purifier: o? dR\cxj
3-5.冷凝器condenser: Wp4K6x
.e$%[)D
4.泵按工作分类 mJ$Htyr
4-1.主泵main pump: D3.VXuKn6
4-2.粗抽泵roughing vacuum pump: ysVi3eq
4-3.前级真空泵backing vacuum pump: A^g>fv
4-4.粗(低)真空泵 roughing(low)vacuum pump: CB({Rn
4-5.维持真空泵holding vacuum pump: 0n5!B..m}
4-6.高真空泵high vacuum pump: z8tl0gd%D
4-7.超高真空泵ultra-high vacuum pump: M.[wKGX(
4-8.增压真空泵booster vacuum pump: J@<!q
p`p?li
5.真空泵特性 {]["6V6W
5-1.真空泵的抽气速率(体积流率)s volume flow rate of a vacuum pump: u _X}-U
5-2.真空泵的抽气量Q throughput of vacuum pump:。 M5u_2;3
5-3.起动压力starting pressure: ^4UcTjh
5-4.前级压力 backing pressure : {Zwf..,
5-5.临界前级压力 critical backing pressure: Bb_Q_<DTs
5-6.最大前级压力maximum backing pressure: :rL?1"
5-7.最大工作压力maximum working pressure: yjd(UWE
5-8.真空泵的极限压力ultimate pressure of a pump: %^!aB
5-9.压缩比compression ratio: ^S=cNSpC
5-10.何氏系数Ho coefficient: )JX$/-
RD-
5-11.抽速系数speed factor: B _tQeM
5-12.气体的反扩散back-diffusion of gas: 0BDoBR
5-13.泵液返流back-streaming of pump fluid: *|poxT G
5-14.返流率back-streaming rate tQ[]Rc
5-15.返迁移back-migration: x~Cz?ljbn
5-16.爆腾bumping: DO%Pwfkd
5-17.水蒸气允许量qm water vapor tolerable load: :iEA UM
5-18.最大允许水蒸气入口压力maximum tolerable water vapor inlet pressure: SS0_P
jKz
5-19.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的加热时间warm-up time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump: !l"tI#?6W%
5-20.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的冷却时间cool-down time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump @it/$>R^)
3. 1.一般术语 E[*0Bo]
1-1.压力计pressure gauge: YM8rJ-
1-2.真空计vacuum gauge: V" }*"P-%
⑴.规头(规管)gauge head: Pl?}>G
⑵.裸规nude gauge : LUG9 #.
⑶.真空计控制单元gauge control unit : gi 5XP]z
⑷.真空计指示单元gauge indicating unit : Of&"U/^
HT-PWk>2
2.真空计一般分类 l# BZzJ?~
2-1.压差式真空计differential vacuum gauge: ;L$,gn5H
2-2.绝对真空计 absolute vacuum gauge: + "zYn!0
2-3.全压真空计total pressure vacuum gauge: ]*GnmG:D*
2-4.分压真空计;分压分析器partial pressure vacuum gauge; partial pressure analyser: L5&K}F]r^
2-5.相对真空计relative vacuum gauge : d QDLI
{RJ52Gx(
3.真空计特性 <k5`&X!+
3-1.真空计测量范围pressure range of vacuum gauge: 7P
c(<Ui+
3-2.灵敏度系数sensitivity coefficient: fOLnK
y#
3-4. 电离规系数(压力单位倒数)ionization gauge coefficient (in inverse pressure units): /D8EI
3-5.规管光电流photon current of vacuum gauge head: u9,=po=+7f
3-6.等效氮压力equivalent nitrogen pressure : G}q<{<+$
3-7.X射线极限值 X-ray limit: FXxN>\76.
3-8.逆X射线效应anti X-ray effect: 2;h+;G
3-9.布利尔斯效应blears effect: I<KCt2:X
,A?{~?u.
4.全压真空计 FF jRf
4-1.液位压力计liquid level manometer: V4Qz*z%
4-2.弹性元件真空计elastic element vacuum gauge: d96fjj~
4-3.压缩式真空计compression gauge: ]h0Y8kpd
4-4.压力天平pressure balance: D>S8$]^Dm
4-5.粘滞性真空计viscosity gauge : G-ZhGbAI7
4-6.热传导真空计thermal conductivity vacuum gauge : Eny!R@u7q
4-7.热分子真空计thermo-molecular gauge: oo\IS\
4-8.电离真空计ionization vacuum gauge: d#4 Wj0x
4-9.放射性电离真空计radioactive ionization gauge: !x6IV25
4-10.冷阴极电离真空计cold cathode ionization gauge: yE<,Z%J[n
4-11.潘宁真空计penning gauge: ys/vI/e\
4-12.冷阴极磁控管真空计cold cathode magnetron gauge: 2zM-Ob<U`
4-13.放电管指示器discharge tube indicator: 5Vm Eyb
4-14.热阴极电离真空计hot cathode ionization gauge: T"IW Jpc
4-15.三极管式真空计triode gauge: sc9]sIb
4-16.高压力电离(中真空)真空计high pressure (medium vacuum) ionization gauge: 8a?IC|~Pz
4-17.B-A型电离真空计Bayard-Alpert gauge: SbCJ|z#?
4-18.调制型电离真空计modulator gauge: eA1'qww"'
4-19.抑制型电离真空计suppressor gauge: C!hXEtK
4-20.分离型电离真空计extractor gauge: [Zh2DNp
4-21.弯注型电离真空计bent beam gauge: ps"9;4P
4-22.弹道型电离真空计 orbitron gauge : fH; |Rm
4-23.热阴极磁控管真空计hot cathode magnetron gauge: x!>d
6lgej
#U:0/4P(
5.分压真空计(分压分析器) 2nJYS2mT7
5-1.射频质谱仪radio frequency mass spectrometer: uRFNfX(*
5-2.四极质谱仪(四级滤质器)quadrupole mass spectrometer;quadrupole mass filer: X:DMT>5k
5-3.单极质谱仪momopole mass spectrometer: KoFv0~8Q
5-4.双聚焦质谱仪double focusing mass spectrometer: M *v^N]>"G
5-5.磁偏转质谱仪magnetic deflection mass spectrometer: }tu4z+T2
5-6.余摆线聚焦质谱仪trochoidal focusing mass spectrometer: =?^-P{:\?
5-7.回旋质谱仪omegatron mass spectrometer: xS-w\vbLV
5-8.飞行时间质谱仪time of flight mass spectrometer: {({
R: !c
p0
6.真空计校准 uht(3
6-1.标准真空计reference gauges: DhHtz.6
6-2.校准系统system of calibration: w8O hJv
6-3.校准系数K calibration coefficient: W%=Zdm
rv
6-4.压缩计法meleod gauge method: V, E9Uds
6-5.膨胀法expansion method: haN"/C^
6-6.流导法flow method: xNn>+J
4. 1.真空系统vacuum system zI(xSX@
1-1.真空机组pump system: \
=S3 L<
1-2.有油真空机组pump system used oil : 1xq3RD
1-3.无油真空机组oil free pump system e<kpcF5{\
1-4.连续处理真空设备continuous treatment vacuum plant: x-tm[x@;o
1-5.闸门式真空系统vacuum system with an air-lock: Ct-rD79l
1-6.压差真空系统differentially pumped vacuum system: ^kc>m$HY
1-7.进气系统gas admittance system: uQO(?nCi
.V7Y2!4TE
2.真空系统特性参量 fi5YMYd1
2-1.抽气装置的抽速volume flow rate of a pumping unit : 1<;\6sg
2-2.抽气装置的抽气量throughput of a pumping unit : ^tQPJ
2-3.真空系统的放气速率degassing(outgassing) throughput of a vacuum system: llHN2R%(
2-4.真空系统的漏气速率leak throughput of a vacuum system: \dC.%#
2-5.真空容器的升压速率rate of pressure rise of a vacuum chamber: "0!~g/X`rK
2-6.极限压力ultimate pressure: 7ZL,p:f
2-7.残余压力residual pressure: 4
`j,&=
2-8.残余气体谱residual gas spectrum: i-|/2I9 %
2-9.基础压力base pressure: y?[5jL|Ue
2-10.工作压力working pressure: MX"A@p~H
2-11.粗抽时间roughing time: u}Lc|_ea`
2-12.抽气时间pump-down time: b0!*mrF]6
2-13.真空系统时间常数time constant of a vacuum system: +oE7~64LL
2-14.真空系统进气时间venting time:
~JAH-R
Q@PJ)fwN
3.真空容器 y>DfM5>
3-1.真空容器;真空室vacuum chamber: [lmHXf@1C
3-2.封离真空装置sealed vacuum device: (xI)"{
3-3.真空钟罩vacuum bell jar: +8L(pMI4
3-4.真空容器底板vacuum base plate:
v(i1Z}*b
3-5.真空岐管vacuum manifold: SH .9!lQv
3-6.前级真空容器(贮气罐)backing reservoir:
JsZAP
3-7.真空保护层outer chamber: >lUBt5gU
3-8.真空闸室vacuum air lock: =x|##7
3-9.真空冷凝器;蒸汽冷凝器device for condensing vapor: ?j &V:kF
@m*&c* r
4.真空封接和真空引入线
2tm~QL
4-1.永久性真空封接permanent seal : )->-~E}p9
4.2.玻璃分级过渡封接graded seal : U>e3_td3,
4-3.压缩玻璃金属封接compression glass-to-metal seal: 23(B43zy
4-4.匹配式玻璃金属封接matched glass-to-metal seal: ;u4@iN}p
4-5.陶瓷金属封接ceramic-to-metal seal: (OM?aW
4-6.半永久性真空封接semi-permanent seal : Q
`J,dzY
4-7.可拆卸的真空封接demountable joint: <Tj"GVZAEO
4-8.液体真空封接liquid seal oO! 1
4-9.熔融金属真空封接molten metal seal: dSA
[3V
4-10.研磨面搭接封接ground and lapped seal: M="WUe_
4-11.真空法兰连接vacuum flange connection: 1puEP*P
4-12.真空密封垫vacuum-tight gasket: tJ(c<:zD
4-13.真空密封圈ring gasket: xiOv$.@q
4-14.真空平密封垫flat gasket: .0R/'!e
4-15.真空引入线feedthrough leadthrough: f;@b
a[
4-16.真空轴密封shaft seal: 4~]8N@Bii
4-17.真空窗vacuum window: w7=D6`
4-18.观察窗viewing window: |TQedC
P#vv+]/
5.真空阀门 <> &e/
5-1.真空阀门的特性characteristic of vacuum valves: CSd9\V
⑴.真空阀门的流导conductance of vacuum valves: C,sD?PcSi+
⑵.真空阀门的阀座漏气率leak rate of the vacuum seat: a}[=_vb}K
5-2.真空调节阀regulating valve: /-G qG)PX
5-3.微调阀 micro-adjustable valve: DK#65H'
5-4.充气阀charge valve: ZNL;8sI?>
5-5.进气阀gas admittance valve: nzQYn
5-6.真空截止阀break valve: {2'74
5-7.前级真空阀backing valve:
s+y'<88
5-8.旁通阀 by-pass valve: X:xC>4]gG'
5-9.主真空阀main vacuum valve: 9TbS>o
5-10.低真空阀low vacuum valve: q/ d5P
5-11.高真空阀high vacuum valve: dy8In%
5-12.超高真空阀;UHV阀 ultra-high vacuum valve: ~P"!DaAf
5-13.手动阀manually operated valve: |p=.Gg=2
5-14.气动阀pneumatically operated valve: B
$ y44
5-15.电磁阀electromagnetically operated valve: rw=UK`
5-16.电动阀valve with electrically motorized operation: E7Gi6w~\
5-17.挡板阀baffle valve: PpJE|[]
5-18.翻板阀flap valve: Oo3qiw
5-19.插板阀gate valve: "c !oOaA
5-20.蝶阀butterfly valve: &2<&X( )
1 o
6.真空管路 (DELxE
6-1.粗抽管路roughing line: c4qp3B_w
6-2.前级真空管路backing line: ZH`K%h0
6-3.旁通管路;By-Pass管路 by-pass line: }LHT#{+x
6-4.抽气封口接头pumping stem: k^'d@1z;C
6-5.真空限流件limiting conductance: <x>k3bD
6-6.过滤器filter: xsY>{/C
5. 1.一般术语 .JD4gF2N
1-1真空镀膜vacuum coating: E{+c*sz
1-2基片substrate: `DWi4y7
1-3试验基片testing substrate: yuy+}]uB@
1-4镀膜材料coating material: \^;|S
1-5蒸发材料evaporation material: 1K*f4BnDr~
1-6溅射材料sputtering material: 0Z1H6qn
1-7膜层材料(膜层材质)film material: q.,p6D
1-8蒸发速率evaporation rate: |Ad6~E+aL-
1-9溅射速率sputtering rate: 6b+ WlIb
1-10沉积速率deposition rate: 0]2B-o"kI
1-11镀膜角度coating angle: NZ%~n:/V#
upEPv
.h
2.工艺 D"(3VIglq
2-1真空蒸膜vacuum evaporation coating: }G,SqpcG
(1).同时蒸发simultaneous evaporation:
u_[4n
(2).蒸发场蒸发evaporation field evaporation: :)+@qxTy
(3).反应性真空蒸发reactive vacuum evaporation: :UJUh/U
(4).蒸发器中的反应性真空蒸发reactive vacuum evaporation in evaporator: #by9D&QP]
(5).直接加热的蒸发direct heating evaporation: r3BDq
(6).感应加热蒸发induced heating evaporation: wTMHoU*>
(7).电子束蒸发electron beam evaporation: MRVz:g\mi
(8).激光束蒸发laser beam evaporation: g_Dt} !A\B
(9).间接加热的蒸发indirect heating evaporation: #iqhm,u7D
(10).闪蒸flash evaportion: 13_+$DhU-L
2-2真空溅射vacuum sputtering:
Vf,~MG
(1).反应性真空溅射 reactive vacuum sputtering: beHCEwh
(2).偏压溅射bias sputtering: GHgEbiY:
(3).直流二级溅射direct current diode sputtering: )R
a/
(4).非对称性交流溅射asymmtric alternate current sputtering: !EmR (x
(5).高频二极溅射high frequency diode sputtering: +{Vwz
(6).热阴极直流溅射(三极型溅射)hot cathode direct current sputtering: ixJ20A7
(7).热阴极高频溅射(三极型溅射)hot cathode high frequency sputtering: 5(MZ%-~l
(8).离子束溅射ion beam sputtering: SU#P.y18%
(9).辉光放电清洗glow discharge cleaning: ?C>VB+X}y
2-3物理气相沉积PVD physical vapor deposition: Sfr\%Buv
2-4化学气相沉积CVD chemical vapor deposition: :86luLFm
2-5磁控溅射magnetron sputtering: g`5`KU|
2-6等离子体化学气相沉积;PCVD plasma chemistry vapor deposition: <cfH'~
2-7空心阴极离子镀HCD hollow cathode discharge deposition: j2{,1h j
2-8电弧离子镀arc discharge deposition: }^Ua
Z\gg<Q
3.专用部件 @|UIV
3-1镀膜室coating chamber: Cp~3Jm3
3-2蒸发器装置evaporator device: aa YQ<
3-3蒸发器evaporator: |>o0d~s
3-4直接加热式蒸发器evaporator by direct heat: s*~jvL
3-5间接加热式蒸发器evaporator by indirect heat: 9bcyPN
3-7溅射装置sputtering device: Hb AMoow!
3-8靶target: M_.,c Vk
3-10时控挡板timing shutter: DneSzqO"o
3-11掩膜mask: O]%m{afM
3-12基片支架substrate holder: t1{%FJ0F
3-13夹紧装置clamp: 8.3_Wb(c
3-14换向装置reversing device: )Fr;'JYC1S
3-15基片加热装置substrate heating device: A7,$y!D
3-16基片冷却装置substrate colding device: `@.s!L(V
*ZSp9g"Z
4.真空镀膜设备 C=_-p"O#
4-1真空镀膜设备vacuum coating plant: sr($Bw
(1).真空蒸发镀膜设备vacuum evaporation coating plant: t>h
i$NX{p
(2).真空溅射镀膜设备vacuum sputtering coating plant: 3ws(uF9$
4-2连续镀膜设备continuous coating plant: -.Pu5et4
4-3半连续镀膜设备semi- continuous coating plant -x%`Wv@L
6. 1.漏孔 d_7Xlp@
1-1漏孔leaks: 6RT0\^X*:
1-2通道漏孔channel leak: kcz#8K]~
1-3薄膜漏孔membrane leak: =UKR<@QrK
1-4分子漏孔molecular leak: $Ex 9
1-5粘滞漏孔vixcous leak: RW PdS
1-6校准漏孔calibrated leak: dV=5_wXZ$
1-7标准漏孔reference leak : d|?(c~
1-8虚漏virtual leak: wrb& ta
1-9漏率leak rate: |e[0Qo@
1-10标准空气漏率standard air leak rate: *=0r>]
1-11等值标准空气漏率equivalent standard air leak rate: .s*EV!SE
1-12探索(示漏)气体: >=W#z
a&c#* 9t{
2.本底 T[[
2-1本底background: .rB;zA;4S)
2-2探索气体本底search gas background : P$qkb|D,
2-3漂移drift: ;@Hi*d[
2-4噪声noise: kRXg."b(
bq&S?! =s
3.检漏仪 DUliU8B}\
3-1检漏仪leak detector: pr,1Wp0l
3-2高频火花检漏仪H.F. spark leak detector: |{LaZXU &
3-3卤素检漏仪halide leak detector: @]"9EW
0
3-4氦质谱检漏仪helium mass spectrometer leak detector:
=ObtD"
3-5检漏仪的最小可检漏率minimum detectable rate of leak detector: JTB~nd>
4Hpu EV8Q
4.检漏 b`|MK4M(
4-1气泡检漏leak detection by bubbles: pfQZ|*>lkb
4-2氨检漏leak detection by ammonia: U+r#YE.
4-3升压检漏leak detection of rise pressure: sPTUGx'
4-4放射性同位素检漏radioactive isotope leak detection: K2MNaB
4-5荧光检漏fluorescence leak detection 3a)Q:#okD
7. 1.一般术语 sCCr%r]zL
1-1真空干燥vacuum drying: Z#:@M[HH{
1-2冷冻干燥freeze drying : %s :
1-3物料material: vG_v89t!ex
1-4待干燥物料material to be dried: jMWwu+w
1-5干燥物料dried material : 4NR5?s
1-6湿气moisture;humidity: & c9Fw:f;
1-7自由湿气free moisture: FRQ("6(
1-8结合湿气bound moisture: 7Z~szD
1-9分湿气partial moisture: GhQ`{iJM
1-10含湿量moisture content: *`pBQZn05O
1-11初始含湿量initial moisture content: u2O^3rG-
1-12最终含湿量final residual moisture: 3v>,c>b([
1-13湿度degree of moisture ,degree of humidity : [%,=0P}
1-14干燥物质dry matter : & O\!!1%
1-15干燥物质含量content of dry matter: RYJc>
a&aIkD
2.干燥工艺 safS>wM]
2-1干燥阶段stages of drying : ]JPPL4wAT
(1).预干燥preliminary dry: I5OH=,y`
(2).一次干燥(广义)primary drying(in general): YIUmCx0a
(3).一次干燥(冷冻干燥)primary drying(freeze-drying): _"bvT?|
(4).二次干燥secondary drying: 2OlC7X{
2-2.(1).接触干燥contact drying: P(nHXVSUE
(2).辐射干燥 drying by radiation : UMW^0>Z!v
(3).微波干燥microwave drying: oqHm:u^2
(4).气相干燥vapor phase drying: ;~$ $WU
(5).静态干燥static drying: ;U3Vows
(6).动态干燥dynamic drying: x2c*k$<p
2-3干燥时间drying time: *xTquV$
2-4停留时间length of stay(in the drying chamber): tUF]f6
2-5循环时间cycle time: JP@m%Yj
2-6干燥率 dessication ratio : Ns8NaD
2-7去湿速率mass flow rate of humidity: t\d;}@bl
2-8单位面积去湿速率mass flow rate of humidity per surface area: o?
"@9O?
2-9干燥速度 drying speed : 9+Bq00-Z$
2-10干燥过程drying process: !Ocg
2-11加热温度heating temperature: @wJa33QT
2-12干燥温度temperature of the material being dried : f8jz49C
2-13干燥损失loss of material during the drying process : 6-}e-H
2-14飞尘lift off (particles): IMrOPwjc
2-15堆层厚度thickness of the material: K2`WcEe
:!15>ML;-
3.冷冻干燥 s\FNKWQ
3-1冷冻freezing: jV&W[xKa
(1).静态冷冻static freezing: y/VmjsN}
(2).动态冷冻dynamic freezing: VZbIU[5
(3).离心冷冻centrifugal freezing: Xtnmh)'K~#
(4).滚动冷冻shell freezing: 9],"AjD
(5).旋转冷冻spin-freezing: p:
(6).真空旋转冷冻vacuum spin-freezing: {:OVBX
(7).喷雾冷冻spray freezing: rWKLxK4oU
(8).气流冷冻air blast freezing: '6J$X-
3-2冷冻速率rate of freezing: eG>Fn6G<g
3-3冷冻物料frozen material: sn`?Foh
3-4冰核ice core:
C)}LV
3-5干燥物料外壳envelope of dried matter: ([o:_5/8I
3-6升华表面sublimation front: J
uKaRR~
3-7融化位置freezer burn: t1g%o5?;
ui0(#2'h%
4.真空干燥设备;真空冷冻干燥设备 sswAI|6ou
4-1真空干燥设备和真空冷冻干燥设备vacuum drying plant and vacuum freeze drying plant: BTtYlpN6
4-2真空干燥器和冷冻干燥器vacuum drying chamber and freeze drying chamber: 8@
gD03
4-3加热表面heating surface: T7_rnEOO
4-4物品装载面shelf : <{Wa[1D
4-5干燥器的处理能力throughput (of the vacuum drying chamber): _tJURk%
4-6单位面积干燥器处理能力throughput per shelf area: oYx
f((x
4-7冰冷凝器ice condenser: wk/U"@lq
4-8冰冷凝器的负载load of the ice condenser: aJ;R8(*;\
4-9冰冷凝器的额定负载rated load of the ice condenser 0Hf-~6
8. 1.一般术语 &`W,'qD$
1-1试样sample : aKr4E3`
(1).表面层surface layer: w`f~Ht{wYR
(2).真实表面true surface: R$`T"C"
(3).有效表面积effective surface area: Y%8QFM
(4).宏观表面;几何表面macroscopic surface area; geometric surface area: czi!q1<vg
(5).表面粒子密度surface particle density: [T|1 Qq7
(6).单分子层monolayer: ')~HOCBSE
(7).表面单分子层粒子密度monolayer density: hmk5
1
(8).覆盖系数coverage ratio: f\w4F'^tj
1-2激发excitation: 1nG"\I5N}
(1).一次粒子primary particle: (XWs4R.mkb
(2).一次粒子通量primary particle flux: 8Wp1L0$B
(3).一次粒子通量密度density of primary particle flux: Q-CVq_\3I
(4).一次粒子负荷primary particle load: #]^`BQ>
(5).一次粒子积分负荷integral load of primary particle: t2<(by!
(6).一次粒子的入射能量energy of the incident primary particle: zxHfQ(
(7).激发体积excited volume: 40/[uW"
(8).激发面积excited area: X)5O@"4 ?
(9).激发深度excited death: ^S$w,
(10).二次粒子secondary particles: `XY[HK
(11).二次粒子通量secondary particle flux: ]TN}`]
(12).二次粒子发射能energy of the emitted secondary particles: l]cQ7g5
(13).发射体积emitting volume: "<b84?V5
(14).发射面积emitting area: JDlIf
(15).发射深度emitting depth: aW5~z^I
(16).信息深度information depth: yY|U}]u!V
(17).平均信息深度mean information depth: V^5 t~)#46
1-3入射角angle of incidence: =2'^:4Z
1-4发射角angle of emission: 1N*~\rV*?
1-5观测角observation: 2N#L'v@g=+
1-6分析表面积analyzed surface area: _~"3
LB
1-7产额 yield : =z.AQe+
1-8表面层微小损伤分析minimum damage surface analysis: 'KG`{K$
1-9表面层无损伤分析non-destructive surface analysis: V4D&&0&n
1-10断面深度分析 profile analysis in depth; depth profile analysis : :{<HiJdp
1-11可观测面积observable area: 4f5$^uN$qA
1-12可观测立体角observable solid angle : r&;AG@N/
1-13接受立体角;观测立体角angle of acceptance: ' 'N@ <|
1-14角分辨能力angular resolving power: @^@-A\7[KO
1-15发光度luminosity: bN)?szh&Y