“真空术语”好像论坛中没有,发一个希望有朋友喜欢。 k;%}%"EVZ
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真空术语 6D$xG"c
twJck~l~n
1.标准环境条件 standard ambient condition:
9TeDLp
2.气体的标准状态 standard reference conditions forgases: *e^ZH
3.压力(压强)p pressure: % R'eV<
4.帕斯卡Pa pascal: ]xuq2MU,l
5.托Torr torr: {#7t(:x
6.标准大气压atm standard atmosphere: ALFw[1X
7.毫巴mbar millibar: 0j3j/={|.1
8.分压力 partial pressure: L-fAT'!'
9.全压力 total pressure: !a0HF p$9
10.真空 vacuum: 8gZ5D
11.真空度 degree of vacuum: Q
(`IiV
12.真空区域 ranges of vacuum: ;$86.2S>B
13.气体 gas: y&iLhd!p
14.非可凝气体 non-condensable gas: )sW1a
15.蒸汽vapor: /GEqU^
B
16.饱和蒸汽压saturation vapor pressure: IqmavnM#
17.饱和度degree of saturation: iJ~pX\FKO
18.饱和蒸汽saturated vapor: &fW;;>
19.未饱和蒸汽unsaturated vapor: [}FP_Su$6
20.分子数密度n,m-3 number density of molecules: $BG9<:p
21.平均自由程ι、λ,m mean free path: B-o"Y'iXs
22.碰撞率ψ collision rate: .[~E}O
23.体积碰撞率χ volume collision rate: nuvz!<5\{
24.气体量G quantity of gas: uu(.,11`
25.气体的扩散 diffusion of gas: py)V7*CgH
26.扩散系数D diffusion coefficient; diffusivity: Am-JB
27.粘滞流 viscous flow: 'A4Lr
28.粘滞系数η viscous factor: \&SP7~-eq
29.泊肖叶流 poiseuille flow: KBXdr5 2"
30.中间流 intermediate flow: p_[k^@$
31.分子流 molecular flow: iE$0-Qe[3
32克努曾数 number of knudsen: B
[03,zVf
33.分子泻流 molecular effusion; effusive flow: ?vvjwys@
34.流逸 transpiration: <;=X7l+
35.热流逸 thermal transpiration: .sCo,
36.分子流率qN molecular flow rate; molecular flux: 64[j:t=N
37.分子流率密度 molecular flow rate density; density of molecular flux: eE1w<] Eg
38.质量流率qm mass flow rare: eGZIdv1
39.流量qG throughput of gas: w)hJ0k
40.体积流率qV volume flow rate: pS51fF9
41.摩尔流率qυ molar flow rate: ~bgFU
42.麦克斯韦速度分布 maxwellian velocity distribution: SdN|-'qf
43.传输几率Pc transmission probability: Dj?95Z,r
44.分子流导CN,UN molecular conductance: HAP9XC(F]
45.流导C,U conductance: qxk1Rzm?x
46.固有流导Ci,Ui intrinsic conductance: D_'Zucq
47.流阻W resistance: e-x{7
48.吸附 sorption: VYvHpsI
49.表面吸附 adsorption: Yr"G)i~"Y
50.物理吸附physisorption: Rg+V;C
C~
51.化学吸附 chemisorption: 'j>Q7M7q{
52.吸收absorption: GT`:3L
53.适应系数α accommodation factor: CI
~+(+q
54.入射率υ impingement rate: 6D)
vY
55.凝结率condensation rate: :*Sl\:_X)
56.粘着率 sticking rate: !Il<'+ ^
57.粘着几率Ps sticking probability: n&k1'KL&
58.滞留时间τ residence time: 5q@o,d
59.迁移 migration: i $#bg^
60.解吸 desorption: 3]/w3|y
61.去气 degassing: t4
$cMf
62.放气 outgassing: e~jp< 4
63.解吸或放气或去气速率qGU desorption or outgassing or degassing rate: 0lY.z$V
64.蒸发率 evaporation rate: SkVW8n*s
65.渗透 permeation: ^\J/l\n
66.渗透率φ permeability: {'EQ%H$q
67.渗透系数P permeability coefficient , En
D3
|
2. 1.真空泵 vacuum pumps ;IE|XR(
1-1.容积真空泵 positive displacement pump: H"].G^V\6
⑴.气镇真空泵 gas ballast vacuum pump: LBbk]I
⑵.油封(液封)真空泵oil sealed (liquid-sealed) vacuum pump: Ez+.tbEA,
⑶.干封真空泵 dry-sealed vacuum pump: OlQ7Yi>
⑷.往复真空泵 piston vacuum pump: l. !5/\
⑸.液环真空泵 liquid ring vacuum pump: LQ373
j-
⑹.旋片真空泵 sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: 67%o83\
⑺.定片真空泵 rotary piston vacuum pump: K%Jy?7
U
⑻.滑阀真空泵 rotary plunger vacuum pump: 02SFFqm
⑼.余摆线真空泵 trochoidal vacuum pump: nu|;(ly
⑽.多室旋片真空泵 multi-chamber sliding vane rotary vacuum pump: 5 o'V}
⑾.罗茨真空泵 roots vacuum pump:
cT-XF
1-2.动量传输泵 kinetic vacuum pump: ney6N@
⑴.牵引分子泵molecular drag pump: /5EM;Mx
⑵.涡轮分子泵turbo molecular pump: j)]mN$Sa:
⑶.喷射真空泵ejector vacuum pump:
UcKpid
⑷.液体喷射真空泵liquid jet vacuum pump: c5nl!0XX
⑸.气体喷射真空泵gas jet vacuum pump: tFO86 !ln
⑹.蒸汽喷射真空泵vapor jet vacuum pump : hZU@35~BN
⑺.扩散泵diffusion pump : gfR B
⑻.自净化扩散泵self purifying diffusion pump: ZQZ>{K
⑼.分馏扩散泵 fractionating diffusion pump : ":tQYo]d
⑽.扩散喷射泵diffusion ejector pump : "~> # ;x{
⑾.离子传输泵ion transfer pump: 'OK)[\
1-3.捕集真空泵 entrapment vacuum pump: "O!J6
⑴吸附泵adsorption pump: wRCGfILw
⑵.吸气剂泵 getter pump: #EgFB}>1
⑶.升华(蒸发)泵 sublimation (evaporation)pump : z%<Z#5_N
⑷.吸气剂离子泵getter ion pump: LSs!U
3"
⑸.蒸发离子泵 evaporation ion pump: S{XV{o
⑹.溅射离子泵sputter ion pump: .r[kNh@
b%
⑺.低温泵cryopump: !:'%'@uc
Z4b<$t[u
2.真空泵零部件 Dh*Uv,
2-1.泵壳 pump case: UMuRB>ey
2-2.入口 inlet: >T'^&l(:
2-3.出口outlet: `
zeZ7:
2-4.旋片(滑片、滑阀)vane; blade : MR} GxI
2-5.排气阀discharge valve: Lp`q[Z*
2-6.气镇阀gas ballast valve: [y F>W$Bn%
2-7.膨胀室expansion chamber: 7`9J.L&,;
2-8.压缩室compression chamber: gf$5pp-
2-9.真空泵油 vacuum pump oil: _e
E(P1
2-10.泵液 pump fluid: FFQ=<(Ki
2-11.喷嘴 nozzle: WPPz/c|j
2-13.喷嘴扩张率nozzle expansion rate: A'^y+42jY
2-14.喷嘴间隙面积 nozzle clearance area : .v?Ir)
2-15.喷嘴间隙nozzle clearance: 8!(4;fN$j.
2-16.射流jet: c*sK| U7)
2-17.扩散器diffuser: Vcm9:,Xlw
2-18.扩散器喉部diffuser thoat: S:"R/EE(
2-19.蒸汽导管vapor tube(pipe;chimney): +l+8Z:i<
2-20.喷嘴组件nozzle assembly: vN=e1\
2-21.下裙skirt: .'.#bH9K
qq9fZZb
3.附件 |j3mI\ANF
3-1阱trap: 7O84R^!|2
⑴.冷阱 cold trap: kmXpj3
⑵.吸附阱sorption trap: >AX&PMb`
⑶.离子阱ion trap: ;'CWAJK
⑷.冷冻升华阱 cryosublimation trap: e@}zp
3-2.挡板baffle: tXDO@YH3S
3-3.油分离器oil separator: yqi=9NB
3-4.油净化器oil purifier: 2Z!%Q}Do
3-5.冷凝器condenser: E`]lr[
0.7*2s-
4.泵按工作分类 Z#0hh%E"|y
4-1.主泵main pump: lv\C(^mGq
4-2.粗抽泵roughing vacuum pump: vs]#?3+
4-3.前级真空泵backing vacuum pump: ?nN3K
4-4.粗(低)真空泵 roughing(low)vacuum pump: A2.[P==
4-5.维持真空泵holding vacuum pump: x =7hOI5u
4-6.高真空泵high vacuum pump: -b'93_ZTu:
4-7.超高真空泵ultra-high vacuum pump: |wW_Z!fL
4-8.增压真空泵booster vacuum pump: ~Y]*TP
sz4)xJgF(
5.真空泵特性 "N\>v#>C
5-1.真空泵的抽气速率(体积流率)s volume flow rate of a vacuum pump: }g6:9%ZMu
5-2.真空泵的抽气量Q throughput of vacuum pump:。 Hry*.s -
5-3.起动压力starting pressure: ;[9WB<t
5-4.前级压力 backing pressure : eJD!dGa
5-5.临界前级压力 critical backing pressure: B]jN~CO?
5-6.最大前级压力maximum backing pressure: ug47JW
5-7.最大工作压力maximum working pressure: S,A\%:Va
5-8.真空泵的极限压力ultimate pressure of a pump: <4V]>[{W
5-9.压缩比compression ratio: zfAHE{c
5-10.何氏系数Ho coefficient: ,-,BtfE3
5-11.抽速系数speed factor: *tkbC2D
5-12.气体的反扩散back-diffusion of gas: B^`'2$3
5-13.泵液返流back-streaming of pump fluid: M8j%bmd(,
5-14.返流率back-streaming rate AWSe!\b
5-15.返迁移back-migration: XoI,m8A
5-16.爆腾bumping: LU
"e9
5-17.水蒸气允许量qm water vapor tolerable load: G ,,c,
5-18.最大允许水蒸气入口压力maximum tolerable water vapor inlet pressure: MW&ww14
5-19.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的加热时间warm-up time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump: ,2hZtJ<A
5-20.蒸汽喷射泵、扩散泵或扩散喷射泵的冷却时间cool-down time for a vapor jet pump or a diffusion pump or a diffusion ejector pump d9@!se9&Z
3. 1.一般术语 2pa:
3O
1-1.压力计pressure gauge:
wbg_%h:
1-2.真空计vacuum gauge: ^@V$'Bk
⑴.规头(规管)gauge head: ^}nz^+R
⑵.裸规nude gauge : P){F2&!P
⑶.真空计控制单元gauge control unit : O{WJi;l
⑷.真空计指示单元gauge indicating unit : Ji%6/zV
5@_c<
2.真空计一般分类 >(>Fx\z}
2-1.压差式真空计differential vacuum gauge: NKae~ 1b
2-2.绝对真空计 absolute vacuum gauge: J*@(rb#G
2-3.全压真空计total pressure vacuum gauge: .CXe*Vbd
2-4.分压真空计;分压分析器partial pressure vacuum gauge; partial pressure analyser: O}VI8OB(&
2-5.相对真空计relative vacuum gauge : r[2N;U
6uWzv~!*D
3.真空计特性 w783e
3-1.真空计测量范围pressure range of vacuum gauge: d3
h^L
3-2.灵敏度系数sensitivity coefficient: sA6Ku(9
3-4. 电离规系数(压力单位倒数)ionization gauge coefficient (in inverse pressure units): sR%,l
3-5.规管光电流photon current of vacuum gauge head: MN|8(f5Gs
3-6.等效氮压力equivalent nitrogen pressure : #)im9LLC#
3-7.X射线极限值 X-ray limit: -.#He
3-8.逆X射线效应anti X-ray effect: :m|%=@]`
3-9.布利尔斯效应blears effect: WHh=hts\
};m.Y>=)K
4.全压真空计 \ dpsyc
4-1.液位压力计liquid level manometer: 6fxf|R\
4-2.弹性元件真空计elastic element vacuum gauge: JStT"*4j
4-3.压缩式真空计compression gauge: fG;(&Dx
4-4.压力天平pressure balance: 'k2Z$+
4-5.粘滞性真空计viscosity gauge : JpuF6mQ
4-6.热传导真空计thermal conductivity vacuum gauge : ~$I2{I#W
4-7.热分子真空计thermo-molecular gauge: **jD&h7$s-
4-8.电离真空计ionization vacuum gauge: dL9QYIfP
4-9.放射性电离真空计radioactive ionization gauge: ;1`NsYI2
4-10.冷阴极电离真空计cold cathode ionization gauge: d9/YW#tm
4-11.潘宁真空计penning gauge: ;dq AmBG{8
4-12.冷阴极磁控管真空计cold cathode magnetron gauge: x @EEMO1_"
4-13.放电管指示器discharge tube indicator: (C;oot,
4-14.热阴极电离真空计hot cathode ionization gauge: /mST<{(_G\
4-15.三极管式真空计triode gauge: e<