光电子谱技术是研究原子、分子、固体和表面电子
结构的一种非常有效的手段。本书全面
系统地介绍了
光电子谱技术的
原理和应用,并简明讨论了逆光发射、自旋极化光发射和
光电子衍射等现象。本书是一本非常实用的光电子谱技术的专著,内容几乎覆盖了光电子研究的所有领域。其特点是紧密联系实验,并利用理论详细解释实验结果,达到理论和应用的有机结合。书中还收集了大量的实际
材料的光电子谱分析,同时给出了大量的实验数据,以便于读者的查阅。总之,该书既是一本很有价值的参考书,又可作为初学者的入门教材。
aE}=^%D 80 dSQ"y 作者在该领域做出了杰出的贡献。在第3版中,作者介绍了大量最新研究成果,并对光电子谱技术很多方面给出了有深刻见解的讨论。
z"9aAytd =%xIjxYl 读者对象:适用于凝聚态
物理学、材料物理学和光电子学等专业的高年级本科生、研究生和相关专业的科研人员。
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AwtIWH*e *13g<#$ 目录
x-tm[x@;o 1. Introduction and Basic Principles
Ct-rD79l 1.1 Historical Development
^kc>m$HY 1.2 The Electron Mean Free Path
uQO(?nCi 1.3 Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
.V7Y2!4TE 1.4 Experimental Aspects
fi5YMYd1 1.5 Very High Resolution
cn@03&dAl 1.6 The Theory of Photoemission
U<K|jsFo 1.6.1 Core-Level Photoemission
}#1UD 1.6.2 Valence-State Photoemission
3/SfUfWo 1.6.3 Three-Step and One-Step Considerations
'9f6ZAnYpQ 1.7 Deviations from the Simple Theory of Photoemission
A{G5Plrh References
lp?i_p/z F@B 2. Core Levels and Final States
HI}pX{.\ 2.1 Core-Level Binding Energies in Atoms and Molecules
nZ" {y 2.1.1 The Equivalent-Core Approximation
-/@|2!d 2.1.2 Chemical Shifts
7YoofI 2.2 Core-Level Binding Energies in Solids
h<+PP]l= 2.2.1 The Born-Haber Cycle in Insulators
5`(((_Um+ 2.2.2 Theory of Binding Energies
@?'t@P:4 2.2.3 Determination of Binding Energies and Chemical Shifts from Thermodynamic Data
vd2uD2%con 2.3 Core Polarization
LZgwIMd 2.4 Final-State Multiplets in Rare-Earth Valence Bands
#(m`2Z`H 2.5 Vibrational Side Bands
0*/mc9 6 2.6 Core Levels of Adsorbed Molecules
MA~|y_V 2.7 Quantitative Chemical Analysis from Core-Level Intensities
Pn~pej5'K References
: ;|)/ n ;Ql=4 3. Charge-Excitation Final States: Satellites
:!r9 =N9 3.1 Copper Dihalides; 3d Transition Metal Compounds
7qCJ]%)b6 3.1.1 Characterization of a Satellite
}IxY(`:qs 3.1.2 Analysis of Charge-Transfer Satellites
)6O\WB| 3.1.3 Non-local Screening
9:bh3@r/ 3.2 The 6-eV Satellite in Nickel
$q4 XcIX 7 3.2.1 Resonance Photoemission
QC$=Fs5+ 3.2.2 Satellites in Other Metals
ykErt%k<n 3.3 The Gunnarsson-Sch6nhammer Theory
Ukk-(gjX 3.4 Photoemission Signals and Narrow Bands in Metals
)$2%&9b References
G1`mn$`kq Z"teZ0H 4. Continuous Satellites and Plasmon Satellites: XPS Photoemission in Nearly Free Electron Systems
.=.yZ 4.1 Theory
ujI 3tsl 4.1.1 General
6i*ArGA
4.1.2 Core-Line Shape
F'$9en2I: 4.1.3 Intrinsic Plasmons
z*??YUT\M 4.1.4 Fxtrinsic FAectron Scattering: Plasmons and Background
qat45O4A1 4.1.5 The Total Photoelectron Spectrum
9}K(Q= 4.2 Experimental Results
#u}v7{4 4.2.1 The Core Line Without Plasmons
gb!@OZ c 4.2.2 Core-Level Spectra Including Plasmoas
l%-67( 4.2.3 Valence-Band Spectra of the Simple Metals
.FfwY 'V 4.2.4 Simple Metals: A General Comment
PCV58n3 4.3 The Background Correction
.{'Uvn References
[[Jv)?jm (%ri#r 5. Valence Orbitals in Simple Molecules and Insulating Solids
ECmHy@( 5.1 UPS Spectra of Monatomic Gases
i_oro"%yL 5.2 Photoelectron Spectra of Diatomic Molecules
qaCi)f!Dl 5.3 Binding Energy of the H2 Molecule
|!jYv'% 5.4 Hydrides Isoelectronic with Noble Gases
ZNL;8sI?> Neon (Ne)
3iwoMrp Hydrogen Fluoride (HF)
#cSw"A Water (H2O)
<3],C)Zwc Ammonia (NH3)
?<>,XyY Methane (CH4)
S*2L4Uj`| 5.5 Spectra of the Alkali HMides
z[0LU]b< 5.6 Transition Metal Dihalides
E :' 5.7 Hydrocarbons
d[P>jl%7 5.7.1 Guidelines for the Interpretation of Spectra from Free Molecules
wB1-|=K1 5.7.2 Linear Polymers
!}Woo$#ND 5.8 Insulating Solids with Valence d Electrons
Cn6n4, 0 5.8.1 The NiO Problem
i5>J 5.8.2 Mort Insulation
:*F3 5.8.3 The Metal-Insulator Transition;the Ratio of the Correlation Energy and the Bandwidth;Doping
@'F8 |I 6 5.8.4Band Structures of Transition Metal Compounds
M2zos(8g 5.9 High—Temperature Superconductors
5CRc]Q#@ 5.9.1valence-Band Electronic Structure;Polycrystalline Samples
}Uqa8& 5.9.2 Dispersion Relations in High Temperature Superconductors;Single Crystals
MQbNWUi 5.9.3 The Superconducting Gap
Pi"tQyw39$ 5.9.4 Symmetry of the Order Parameter in the High-Temperature SuDerconductors
M'>D[5;N~ 5.9.5 Core—Level Shifts
]P}K3tN%] 5.10 The Fermi Liquid and the Luttinger Liquid
,
$D&WH 5.11 Adsorbed Molecules
r[UyI3(i^ 5.11.1 Outline
"Dmw- 5.11.2 CO on Metal Surfaces
*$4A|EA V References
mER8>
< :xAe<Pq 6.Photoemission of Valence Electrons froill Metallic Solids in the OHe-Electron Approximation
5 vu_D^Q 6.1 Theory of Photoemission:A Summary of the Three-Step Model
\KnD"0KW 6.2 Discussion of the Photocurrent
gn[$;*932z 6.2.1 Kinematics of Internal Photoemission in a Polycrystalline Sample
fn?6%q,!ls 6.2.2 Primary and Secondary Cones in the Photoemission from a Real Solid
"M5ro$qZ} 6.2.3 Angle-Integrated and Angle-Resolved Data Collection
0c\|S>g[ 6.3 Photoemission from the Semi—infinite Crystal:The Inverse LEED Formalism
gvRc:5B[ 6.3.1 Band Structure Regime
Vgru, ' 6.3.2 XPS Regime
HhY2`P8 6.3.3 Surface Emission
?V\9,BTb) 6.3.4 One-Step Calculations
uz#eO|z@o 6.4 Thermal Effects
;+TF3av0zq 6.5 Dipole Selection Rules for Direct Optical Transitions
~\@<8@N2a6 References
K+`-[v5\ }
{gWTp 7.Band Structtire and Angular-Resolved Photoelectron Spectra
/F8\%l+ 7.1 Free-Electron Final—State Model
z7.C\l 7.2 Methods Employing Calculated Band Structures
Q
2SSJ 7.3 Methods for the Absolute Determination of the Crystal Momentum
_'v }=:X 7.3.1 Triangulation or Energy Coincidence Method
Y+"hu2aPkY 7.3.2 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of External Emission Angle at Fixed Photon Frequency (Disappearance/Appearance Angle Method
asmW
W8lz 7.3.3 Bragg Plane Method: Variation of Photon Energy at Fixed Emission Angle (Symmetry Method)
"6*Kgf2G 7.3.4 The Surface Emission Method and Electron Damping
%9-#` 7.3.5 The Very-Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Method
F)<G]i8n~ 7.3.6 The Fermi Surface Method
hiK[!9r 7.3.7 Intensities and Their Use in Band-Structure Determinations
mb*h73{{ 7.3.8 Summary
K+\0}qn 7.4 Experimental Band Structures
]\9B?W(# 7.4.1 One- and Two-Dimensional Systems
1R+ )T'in 7.4.2 Three-Dimensional Solids: Metals and Semiconductors
M;vlQ"Yl' 7..4.3UPS Band Structures and XPS Density of States
\Zz= 4
j 7.5 A Comment
2cX"#."5p References
M:1F@\< f'i8Mm4IL 8.Surface States, Surface Effects
/YugQ.>| l 8.1 Theoretical Considerations
G}?P
r4Gj 8.2 Experimental Results on Surface States
GZhfA ;O, 8.3 Quantum-Well States
vA7jZw 8.4 Surface Core-Level Shifts
Z564K7IV References
6t mNfI34 '__3[D 9.Inverse Photoelectron Spectroscopy
tx1m36a" 9.1 Surface States
"JUQ)> !? 9.2 Bulk Band Structures
o|*| 9.3 Adsorbed Molecules
6L6~IXL> References
:Z]+Z_9p cmGj0YUQ1 10. Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
8hdAXWPn 10.1 General Description
5N3!!FFE 10.2 Examples of Spin-Polarized Photoelectron Spectroscopy
SeJFZ0p 10.3 Magnetic Dichroism
6`5
@E\"E References
t ]I(98pY ':R3._tw\ 11. Photoelectron Diffraction
?D^,K`wY=B 11.1 Examples
[sY1|eX 11.2 Substrate Photoelectron Diffraction
3f2Hjk7,d 11.3 Adsorbate Photoelectron Diffraction
oQjB&0k4 11.4 Fermi Surface Scans
g;Sg
2 References
^(m6g &$( <iprPk Appendix
F+y`4>x A.1 Table of Binding Energies
5@Lxbe(
q A.2 Surface and Bulk Brillouin Zones of the Three Low-Index Faces of a Face—Centered Cubic(fcc)Crystal Face
\A\yuJ= A.3 Compilation of Work Functions
$E_vCB_ References
lbuW*) Index