"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith UVLS?1ra
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition ? glx8@
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1 Introduction |1
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1.1 Lens Design Books ~sn3 _6{
1.2 Reference Material m4W (h6
1.3 Specifications .<%q9Jy#
1.4 Lens Design m;"[b (u
1.5 Lens Design Program Features b( mZ/2,B
1.6 About This Book ~}p k^FA
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2 Automatic Lens Design f%_$RdU
2.2 The Merit Function 4e\w C
2.3 Local Minima "i&n;8?Y
2.4 The Landscape Lens +KExK2=
2.5 Types of Merit Function ?nu<)~r53
2.6 Stagnation 8hy1yt6t4~
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing (W"0c?i|]
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization jQz^)8)B
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems M@q)\UQ'
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 1$# r)S[*
2.11 Spectral Weighting >o p/ <?<
2.12 How to Get Started 7o+VhW<|5
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3 Improving a Design Q ijO%)
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ~FI} [6Dd
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) s$9ow<oi]
3.3 Splitting Elements \Q SD*
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet S]T71W<i
3.5 Compounding an Element }Dc pe M?
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses liB~vdqj
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem GRL42xp'*D
3.8 Balancing Aberrations / L$q8 +
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ZA_~o#0%
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces n|=y w6aV'
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design ZFX}=?+
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation j _E(h .
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance >4>.
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4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations -"^"& )
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function R. ryy
4.5 Fabrication Considerations xXV15%&
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5 Lens Design Data =&4eW#{LuH
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 3PzF^ 8KJ
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots Um / g&k
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign S=w ~bz, /
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF z} VCiS0
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots Oh`Pf;.z%
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot }LI f]Y K
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6 Telescope Objective hoPh#? G
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet UU =,Brb
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective xr)m8H
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective eBECY(QMQ
6.4 Spherochromatism K}S=f\Q]
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 7V\M)r{q7
6.6 Induced Aberrations \=W t{
6.7 Three-Element Objectives 5oD%~Fk l
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) ,qgR+]?({
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet T c ;BE
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design h2]G V-
6.11 A Final Note E&W4`{6K4
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers Mr K?,7*Xi
7.1 Eyepieces +w3k_^X9c
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs #0qMYe> Y
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces oB} rd9
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular Q},uM_" +
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces rlDJHR6
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces TU 8K\;l]
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier +qF,XJ2
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces P}p6{
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats ;{>-K8=>$
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats dNs <`2m
8.2 Glass Choice Q# $dp
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations }xzbg
8.4 Other Design Considerations (e{pAm
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens n)teX.ck)
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet \?.M1a[
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet O~g0 R6M6e
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses nr9c G/"
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces ;,_c1x/F
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness {5:V
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9 Split Triplets le`_
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets *8QGv 6*vQ
10.1 The Classic Tessar .7GAGMNS
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac OK9D4
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10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens * (@[E
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets s%qK<U4@;Q
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar v:]
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats e_pyjaY!s
11.1 Meniscus Components !tD,phca~
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon C,m
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11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens jG3i
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11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses 8.Ty
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11.5 The Split Dagor 3l@={Ts
11.6 The Dogmar BqKh&m
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens /TgG^|
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens 4RqOg1
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version WNPdy m
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens x~tG[Y2F?
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet OC]_ b36v
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet ^25[%aJI
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ~T[m{8 uh
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar [
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12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay `QlChxd
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13 Telephoto Lenses 8W"~>7/>D
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ~l@SGHx
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses U:`g12
13.3 Telephoto Designs @`ttyI^1f
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch %G$Kahx V>
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses )S|}de/a2
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle E:&ga}h
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens toEmIa~o6
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses d\V\,% &.
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ,g$N
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses h2Z Gh
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ' @iS5Fni
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens x=bAR%i~
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener '+ |{4-V
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses @fbB3
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ![iAALPNl
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17 Microscope Objectives cV5Lp4wY?
17.1 General Considerations t\]CdH`+
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front o=2y`E q
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives xgt dmv %
17.4 Reflecting Objectives Tp`by
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ^6ZA2-f/<8
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems ~OEP)c\k
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors SN'LUwaMp!
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ~'HwNzDQc
18.3 Catadioptric Systems 0bpl3Fh.v
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems '@Y@H,
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids xUzSS @ot^
18.6 Unobscured Systems fdCsn:
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” Mx-,:a9}
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems 56AaviE C
19.1 Infrared Optics ){")RrD(
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ~/h P 6*
19.3 IR Telescope (6?pBdZ
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders @B~/0
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19,5 Ultraviolet Systems w'.ny<Pe
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses !o& Mw:d
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20 Zoom Lenses oHbEH S61
20.1 Zoom Lenses !w98 [BE7
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras U,+kV?Z
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Tjl Ky
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens t4UKG& [a
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure NwuME/C7#
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses H4 &
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21.1 Projection TV Lenses oyJ /Oe
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21.2 Macro Lenses _pKW($\
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses 2 ,;+)
22.1 Monochromatic Systems F)Yn1&a #H
22.2 Scanner Lenses }jfU qqFd
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses F1)Q#ThF\
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23 Tolerance Budgeting T8ZBQ;o
23.1 The Tolerance Budget f| 3` 8JU
23.2 Additive Tolerances /%rbXrR4w
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ]O DC+q1
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24 Formulary 0;3;Rs
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions P QXyu1
24.2 The Cardinal Points q[1H=+
24.3 Image Equations 1p23&\\~
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) ]^&DEj{
24.5 Invariants KcfW+> W3
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 23y7l=.b/
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships ,u{d@U^)3@
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions [={pF q`
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs nV
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24.10 Stop Shift Equations zV4%F"-
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces |I7P 0JqP
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) "(/|[7D)
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Glossary ;MCv
Reference Z,,Da|edH
Index
