"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith hYN b9^
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition xTL"%'|
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1 Introduction -.E<~(fad
1.1 Lens Design Books r
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1.2 Reference Material ^T|~L<A3
1.3 Specifications ;=6~,k)
1.4 Lens Design bXiT}5mJU
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Sf\mg4,
1.6 About This Book I(Yyg,1Z
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2 Automatic Lens Design Kq;Yb&
2.2 The Merit Function &u_f:Pog
2.3 Local Minima lU.@! rGbw
2.4 The Landscape Lens ""ICdZ_A
2.5 Types of Merit Function `=Hh5;ep
2.6 Stagnation O=St}B\!m
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing #\$R^u]!
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization xGeRoW(X
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems pemb2HQ'4j
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits P-QZ=dm
2.11 Spectral Weighting X}xy
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2.12 How to Get Started e? fFh,a
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3 Improving a Design PDo%ob\Ym
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques g%Ap <iT
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) pVt8z|p_;{
3.3 Splitting Elements x,z +l-y
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet yA!#>u%g
3.5 Compounding an Element vd9><W
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses n-{G19?
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem g Xvuv^
3.8 Balancing Aberrations "el}@
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle N$H0o+9-Y
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces j']m*aM1>
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design :'!,L0I|t
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation C_Y^<
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance YzSUJ=0/
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations D`LcL|nmH
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function <w.W[ak
4.5 Fabrication Considerations ucyz>TL0
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5 Lens Design Data 1
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5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs ]v3 9ag_hu
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots :0j9
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 9Ay*'
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ZUb6d*B
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots >9(lFh0P
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot V7!x-E/
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6 Telescope Objective wz5xJ:T j
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet E3y"
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective m0W5O gk
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 7%9Sz5z
6.4 Spherochromatism w9h\J#f
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration w3c[t~R8
6.6 Induced Aberrations /z*?:*
6.7 Three-Element Objectives #z) @T
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) E/9 U0
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet hV/$6 8A_
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 2;NIUMAMM
6.11 A Final Note =usx' #rb
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers qIa|sV\w0
7.1 Eyepieces wGE:U`
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs b/ h,qv
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces Ft>Abj,6
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular NWSBqL5v
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ;$=`BI)
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces EUU9JnQhBJ
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 7E4=\vM
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces HiEXw}Hkz
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats G:$wdT(u
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats [>Kkj;*
8.2 Glass Choice xCD|UC46?X
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations E%
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8.4 Other Design Considerations W\o(f W
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens el39HB$
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet f7}/ {}g
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet Zi[@xG8dm
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses p
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8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces {e
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8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness Ps(3X@
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9 Split Triplets oori t
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets sXkWs2!
10.1 The Classic Tessar W`K XO|'p@
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac &aldnJ
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens 9~bje^M
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets i2/:'
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10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar R4u=.
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats [S9T@Q
11.1 Meniscus Components |S|0'C*
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon UMuqdLaT9
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens /Ou`$2H87
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses E8u:Fgs
11.5 The Split Dagor aR ao\Wp|
11.6 The Dogmar 11}X2j~Ww
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens | Uf6k`
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens L"A,7@:Vd
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version h.ojj$f,
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens
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12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet tzJdUZJ
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet \B8tGog
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element wGD".CS0
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar T~7i:<E^
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 3:7J@>
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13 Telephoto Lenses Wc ]BQn
13.1 The Basic Telephoto t/LQ|/xo
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses LCx{7bN1ro
13.3 Telephoto Designs @*e|{;X]hy
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch j1%o+#df
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses b26#0;i
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle w d2GKq!
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens ^&buX_nlO
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses B>*zQb2:
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses j+"i$ln+s
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses T_|%nF-+
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens wv>*g:El'
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens [X]yj
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener t=o0
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16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 0B#9CxU%
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems e3,TY.,Ay
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17 Microscope Objectives {m~.'DU
17.1 General Considerations [74HUw>
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front u9My.u@-*%
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives 2K4Jkyi
17.4 Reflecting Objectives \B) a57
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 6MQ+![fN
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 5[}3j1
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors 9W88_rE'e}
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems /~[+'
18.3 Catadioptric Systems lx$]f)%~
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems nXPl\|pXt
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids huFT_z_;;
18.6 Unobscured Systems ~sj'GEhEg
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” %Z9&z mO
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems a,g3/
19.1 Infrared Optics &HBqweI
19.2 IR Objective Lenses IZ+kw.6e
19.3 IR Telescope "&;8U.
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders 7Mq4$|qhD
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems n+1!/H=d
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses VWDXEa9
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20 Zoom Lenses U$jw8I'.
20.1 Zoom Lenses jej|B#?`
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras vU,AOK[l{
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens !wP|t#Sc9
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens [P~6O>a5p
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure \1|]?ZQ\ K
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses k |}&
21.1 Projection TV Lenses ZslH2#
21.2 Macro Lenses W,<L/ZKJ
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses +6paM
22.1 Monochromatic Systems T,N"8N{K"
22.2 Scanner Lenses W=b<"z]RE
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses u\LG_/UJV1
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23 Tolerance Budgeting $7M/rF;N5X
23.1 The Tolerance Budget Ip c2Qsa
23.2 Additive Tolerances +LBDn"5
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget eyq\a'tyB
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24 Formulary %f??O|O3
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions F>N3GPRl
24.2 The Cardinal Points V.<$c1#=$
24.3 Image Equations vn
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24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) : (IPrQ
24.5 Invariants "mT95x\NA\
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) @ qFE6!
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships cfZG3"
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions /P_1vQq
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs V[E7mhqy
24.10 Stop Shift Equations J6m`XC
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces D2hEI2S
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) bOIVe
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Glossary O<}^`4d
Reference x0t&hY