"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ?4QX;s7
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition MLVrL r t
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1 Introduction 9UbD=}W
1.1 Lens Design Books @ ={Hx$zL
1.2 Reference Material xcf`i:\
1.3 Specifications _o,Mji|
1.4 Lens Design kF,_o/Jc
1.5 Lens Design Program Features W.67};',
1.6 About This Book )H
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2 Automatic Lens Design }wY6^JF
2.2 The Merit Function ?7?hDw_Nk
2.3 Local Minima 4n}tDHvd
2.4 The Landscape Lens <d`ksZ+
2.5 Types of Merit Function IZw>!KYG
2.6 Stagnation ',>Pz+XKc
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing Qg^Ga0Lf6
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization o=%pR|
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems DAvF ND$=
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits coG_bX?e
2.11 Spectral Weighting {`KRr:w
2.12 How to Get Started
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3 Improving a Design 6 +2M$3_U
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques )P|&o%E
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) )c; YR}tC
3.3 Splitting Elements -9f+O^x
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet D=>[~u3H
3.5 Compounding an Element "bhF`,V
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses C*C;n4 AT
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem N?Nu'
3.8 Balancing Aberrations [>MPM$9F-m
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle ()\=(n!J
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces !Au@\/}
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design r9\7I7z
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation L9"yQD^R7?
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance -%,3qhsd
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations XCAy _fL<B
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function vGST{Lz;
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Q"(*SA+-|
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5 Lens Design Data Dwx^hNh
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs 6\BZyry3*
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots LA9'HC(5
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign 3<"!h1x5
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF (gQr?K
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 1x'H#
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot vB<2f*U
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6 Telescope Objective e$t$,3~
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet X?B\+dq
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective qRbU@o.3
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective xj#anr
6.4 Spherochromatism yV4rS6=
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration .0a,%o8n
6.6 Induced Aberrations g^mnYg5
6.7 Three-Element Objectives S}}L&
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6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 0nu&JQ
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet JjC&
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6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design j7>a^W
6.11 A Final Note :T9 P9<
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers 1Z_2s2`p
7.1 Eyepieces 6Qx[W>I
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs !8@8
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces tupAU$h?!
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular CU+H`-+"J
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces l2h1CtAU
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces .`TDpi9OB
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier `D,mZj/b
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces t4H*&U
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats K2@],E?e%|
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats IW$ qP&a
8.2 Glass Choice JE=3V^k
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations "">{8
8.4 Other Design Considerations h~r&7G@[}
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens =#.qe=
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet &^hLFd7j/
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet &0k`=?v$
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses yLY$1#Sa
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces fpA%:V
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness FE4P
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9 Split Triplets ph~d%/^jI
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets @;b @O
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10.1 The Classic Tessar LKsK!X
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac jG^f_w
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens F['%?+<3
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets mFx\[S
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar H9Dw#.em
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats QnH;+k
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11.1 Meniscus Components "59"HVV
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon *Kmo1>^
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Zk<Y+!
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses d]I3zSIC
11.5 The Split Dagor &S9O:>=*
11.6 The Dogmar M}\p/r=
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens +8Q5[lh2]j
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ]wHXrB8vx
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version VxqoE]Dh
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens xWxgv;Ah
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet <o"2z~gv
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet X ApSKJ
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element eEZZ0NNe;
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar G@8wv J
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay 3,dIW*<**
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13 Telephoto Lenses #``Alh8
13.1 The Basic Telephoto |TQa=
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses -Zfq:Kr
13.3 Telephoto Designs rvRIKc|}l
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch K[R.B!;N
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses j%ux,0Y
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle H|I.h{:
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens .-?Txkwb
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses <uXQT$@?
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ot;
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses j*L-sU
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens ur JR[$p
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens flS_rY5
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener Ox^VU2K;&.
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses n|Gw?@CU7
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems ,nGZ(EBD
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17 Microscope Objectives -}KW"#9c
17.1 General Considerations Hq0O!Zv
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front !I+F8p
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ZL+46fj
17.4 Reflecting Objectives 3fq'<5 ^
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs M <ccfU!
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems <I.{meDg
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ^.u
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18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems x%OJ3Qjj=
18.3 Catadioptric Systems `XK#sCC
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ;s!GpO7 +
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids a
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18.6 Unobscured Systems yq,%<%+
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” :,pdR>q%(y
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems Hr!%L*h?
19.1 Infrared Optics ~NZ}@J{00_
19.2 IR Objective Lenses |6T"T P
19.3 IR Telescope >+F +"NAN
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders OJ,Z
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems &O|qx~(
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses R:Tv'I1-L
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20 Zoom Lenses 17S<6j#H5
20.1 Zoom Lenses +W#["%kw
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras g]m}@b6(h
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Py~N.@(:1u
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens Mq4>Mu
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure E#/vgm=W;
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses mL]5Tnc
21.1 Projection TV Lenses &U{"dJ r
21.2 Macro Lenses k?`Q\
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses d;E
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22.1 Monochromatic Systems ;;<[_gp,E
22.2 Scanner Lenses =`MMB|{6
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses _2rxDd1#.
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23 Tolerance Budgeting Hg`2-
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget
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23.2 Additive Tolerances ?oulQR6:
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget P/ 7aj:h~P
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24 Formulary _0!<iN L
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions -< }#ImTN
24.2 The Cardinal Points *>J45U(6:
24.3 Image Equations "-A@d&5.
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) S'(Hl}h!.
24.5 Invariants $[g8j`or!
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 6M X4h
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships =(Wl'iG
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions y3!#*NU
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs [*v-i%U}
24.10 Stop Shift Equations nWsR;~pK
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ah|`),o(k
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) &1M#;rE;D#
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Glossary Aj "SSX!L
Reference CQ^I;[=d
Index