"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith JI(8{ f
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition O0wD"V^W
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1 Introduction Krz[ f
1.1 Lens Design Books nsYS0
1.2 Reference Material K5b8lc
1.3 Specifications w+ bMDp
1.4 Lens Design oMcX{v^"
1.5 Lens Design Program Features 7x`uGmp1
1.6 About This Book (eHvp
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2 Automatic Lens Design /8lGP!z
2.2 The Merit Function ]x! vPIyq
2.3 Local Minima amOBUD5Ld`
2.4 The Landscape Lens 8\/E/o3
2.5 Types of Merit Function sy4$!,W:
2.6 Stagnation R|Y)ow51
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing qd"*Td
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization cvi+AZ=
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems anHP5gD
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits (V}DPA
2.11 Spectral Weighting 9_oIAn:<
2.12 How to Get Started }Z"<KF
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3 Improving a Design p\~ lPXK
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ^<7)w2ns
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) $GPenQ~},
3.3 Splitting Elements uG~%/7Qt{
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet Xfk&{zO-j
3.5 Compounding an Element CZt)Q4
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses @zW'!Ol
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem n"$D/XJO
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ,@8>=rT
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle WADNr8.
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces UPA))Iv>
OiZPL" Q(K
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design j'I$F1>Te
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation UII R$,XB
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 3T%WfS+
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations /EA4-#uw
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function Hi|'
4.5 Fabrication Considerations iE0A-;:5
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5 Lens Design Data 8it|yK.G@&
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs wqK>=Ri_
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 9co1+y=i{
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign U_y)p Cd
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF 7?dB&m6W
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots IX,/ZOZ|
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot P] ouLjyq
p(:\)HP)R
6 Telescope Objective H@.j@l
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet VrrCW/o
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective ; P&Ka
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective ?x%HQ2`
6.4 Spherochromatism Jr==AfxyT
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration g< M\zD
6.6 Induced Aberrations :I1)=8lO
6.7 Three-Element Objectives H_3S#.
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) Q+[gGe
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6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet O
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6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design ?TLMoqmXM{
6.11 A Final Note =(3Qbb1i
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers dc|"34;^"
7.1 Eyepieces mpIRe@#Z
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 'RC(ss1G
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces jxm.x[1ki^
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular -:h5Ky"
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces r=~yUT
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 1>[3(o3t
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier cAogz/<S
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces O&!+ni
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats s=!
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8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats n{6XtIoYq
8.2 Glass Choice snK$? 9vh
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations &jT>)MXPu
8.4 Other Design Considerations wm}6$ n?Za
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens - /]ro8V$
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet H 0aDWFWS
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet T2P0(rEz
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses mVcpYyD|k
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces
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8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness rUvqAfE&+
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9 Split Triplets G|Yw
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L= O,OS+
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets x}[/A;N
10.1 The Classic Tessar cpF\^[D
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac w}c1zpa
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens I,(m\NalK
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets Ek~Qp9B
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar 8 P.t
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats dQVV0)z
11.1 Meniscus Components S$HzuK\f
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon E3<jH
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens mk2T
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses \rY|l
11.5 The Split Dagor @s}I_@
11.6 The Dogmar %*wJODtB|
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens zmQ V6o=k
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens <W2}^q7F^
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version G(~d1%(
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens s-Q-1lKV,
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet VO] Jvf
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 7(rTGd0
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element [yM{A<\L
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar !MSz%QcO
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay PX65Z|~>_
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13 Telephoto Lenses aR6?+`6<
13.1 The Basic Telephoto y8HLrBTza
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses C18pK8-
13.3 Telephoto Designs H=?v$!
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13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch AR\>P
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses @+h2R
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle v|t_kNX;v*
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens #F@53N
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses EGO;g^,
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses 6e&Y%O'8
Ap9CQ h=!
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses H$zjN8||"
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens I~H:-"2
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens XL c&7
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener 767xCP
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 3Wxl7"!x m
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems "2;$?*hO#
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17 Microscope Objectives S!A)kK+
17.1 General Considerations z=<x.F
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 1v!Xx+}
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives uy)iB'st&
17.4 Reflecting Objectives ..V6U"/
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs /1:`?% ,2
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems =;!C7VS
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors km,}7^?F0r
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems ~j}di^<{
18.3 Catadioptric Systems c) Zid1
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems oNY;z-QK
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids vT"T*FKh:
18.6 Unobscured Systems &MsnQP
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 2#~5[PtP^
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ,pE{N&p9
19.1 Infrared Optics = q9>~E{}
19.2 IR Objective Lenses eyBLgJt8P
19.3 IR Telescope GV#"2{t
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19.4 Laser Beam Expanders "gjy+eosY
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems u'M\m7
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses ; S7
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20 Zoom Lenses rU`#3}s
20.1 Zoom Lenses Q!(16
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras )pLde_ k
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens 'hfQ4EN
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens }eb}oK
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure DcaVT]"
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses fvK):eCo
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Tm~a&p
21.2 Macro Lenses U">w3o|
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses ?ORG<11a
22.1 Monochromatic Systems E7@0,9AU
22.2 Scanner Lenses 0*S]m5#;
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses =u
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23 Tolerance Budgeting H4p N+
23.1 The Tolerance Budget h'YC!hjp
23.2 Additive Tolerances Wcd;B7OH
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget T(zERWo
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24 Formulary Lb;:<
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions oG~a`9N%C
24.2 The Cardinal Points swV/Mi>
24.3 Image Equations 6=A
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) ZZk6 @C
24.5 Invariants unu%\f>^4
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 'z7,)Q&8
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships - ` F#MN
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions N@Pf \D
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs },G6IuH%
24.10 Stop Shift Equations h}r64<Y2{
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ovJwor
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) a<-NB9o~v
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MebLY $&8
Glossary E-jL"H*
Reference I?c "\Fe
Index