"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith 4uoZw3O
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition _^GBfM.
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1 Introduction }'x)e
1.1 Lens Design Books $aJay]F
1.2 Reference Material ff.k1%wr^
1.3 Specifications Q34u>VkdQI
1.4 Lens Design !vu-`u~86
1.5 Lens Design Program Features "*X\'LPs=
1.6 About This Book JX5/PCO
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2 Automatic Lens Design \HzmhQb+m
2.2 The Merit Function o ;Z"I &
2.3 Local Minima A)n_ST0
2.4 The Landscape Lens A~vx,|I
2.5 Types of Merit Function Qv~@
2.6 Stagnation U~ a\v8l~
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing vPYHM2
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization 2H9hN4N
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ^|Fy!kp
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits fG>3gS6&
2.11 Spectral Weighting 8TB|Y
2.12 How to Get Started d9TTAaf
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3 Improving a Design A? B+
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques Q<V1`e
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) aIa<,
3.3 Splitting Elements nD
eVY K
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet EL3X8H
3.5 Compounding an Element 8493Sw
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses ,iao56`E
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem +jB;
3.8 Balancing Aberrations !zOj`lx
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle [#@lsI
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces X5.9~
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design y$-@|M$GG
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation G9okl9;od
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance N(4y}-w$
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations 6}R*7iMs
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 9;{(.K
4.5 Fabrication Considerations &\6},JN
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5 Lens Design Data 3^
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5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs tTTHQ7o*BD
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots (kY0<
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign hL/u5h%$
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF =6ru%.8U,
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots Ip7#${f5M
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot IowXVdm@6
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6 Telescope Objective 8~Zw"
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet oCkG
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective *)w+xWmM3w
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective y(g]:#
6.4 Spherochromatism ?'f
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration R$l-
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6.6 Induced Aberrations ZHZxr
6.7 Three-Element Objectives Hm>cKPZ)
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) )N- '~<N
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet @R`6jS_gK
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design Ua|iAD1
6.11 A Final Note .+XK>jl+
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers =C,DR4xh
7.1 Eyepieces o[KZm17
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs y[l{
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7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces &Cj~D$kDEu
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular &'k(v(>n,
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ~x9J&*zxM
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces &S+*1<|`K
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier bs\kb-\R
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces rz&V.,s
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats Pf4zjc
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats /dg?6XT/
8.2 Glass Choice J/Y9 X,
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations &uE )Vr4 R
8.4 Other Design Considerations GFPrK9T
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens M x,5
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet ?,riwDI 2
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet 3xW:"
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses QChWy`x
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces 6P>Y2xV:
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness
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9 Split Triplets v7@"9Uw}
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets z6M5'$\y
10.1 The Classic Tessar m[y~-n
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac rMJ@oc
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens gh[q*%#
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets 'q;MhnU+
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar vgtAJp+p*
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats um$U3'0e
11.1 Meniscus Components dkEbP*yXg
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon <`Fl Igo
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens r0k:RJP
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses ~DxuLk6
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11.5 The Split Dagor l[5** ?#
11.6 The Dogmar "wV
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens c%,ky$'18
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens sV5k@1Y
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version \2El>>
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens dbEXlm
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet UK^w;w2F
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet _Fj\0S"
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element xv$fw>
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar
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12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay rr`_\ut
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13 Telephoto Lenses "dndhoMq
13.1 The Basic Telephoto w_`;Mn%p
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses r`FTiPD.C
13.3 Telephoto Designs -ys/I,}<
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch .
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses ^|h_[>
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 3VMaD@nYa
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens @/As|)
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses dmkGIg}
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses N!?~Dgw
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ;A"i.:ZT
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens NA@Z$Gy
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 4$2HO`@uN
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener A;ZluQ
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses \Qnr0t@0
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems gP8}d*W%b
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17 Microscope Objectives 4>Ht_B<<
17.1 General Considerations Gl{2"!mt=
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front *}HDq(/>w
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives `3K."/N6c
17.4 Reflecting Objectives 9P
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17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs 1M_6X7PH
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems j";L{
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ^Bw"+ 6d
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems U[yA`7Zs}
18.3 Catadioptric Systems fK@UlMC]7
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 33}p02#
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ^N ;TCn
18.6 Unobscured Systems kp?_ir
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” k+@ :+RL
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems g rQ,J
19.1 Infrared Optics fWg3gRI
19.2 IR Objective Lenses XI ><;#
19.3 IR Telescope .Q</0*sp
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders d"ZsOq10D
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems z:Ru`
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses @1k-h;`,
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20 Zoom Lenses >W:kTS<
20.1 Zoom Lenses :W-xsw
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras \dB z-H'@
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens |a0@4
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20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens L)H/t6}i
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure 9j;!4AJ1t
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses |9m*?7
21.1 Projection TV Lenses Kx;l a
21.2 Macro Lenses Aba%QQQ
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses [4])\q^q
22.1 Monochromatic Systems =jG."o
22.2 Scanner Lenses qssK0!-
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses XaU^^K
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23 Tolerance Budgeting HXB&
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget Q`=d5Uvw
23.2 Additive Tolerances >IKIe
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ` apCu
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24 Formulary PMj!T \B|
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions \%W"KLP
24.2 The Cardinal Points (3m^@2i
24.3 Image Equations @&Af[X4s
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) m$'ZiS5
24.5 Invariants 2-#&ktM%V
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) 1R.6Xer
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships 9PR?'X;4
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions @# p{,L
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs *@ S+J$
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 7X/B9Hee
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces B1U7z1<
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) vF{{$)c
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Glossary 7x$VH5jie#
Reference hus9Zv4
Index