"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith CEC
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition D)@YI.T
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1 Introduction 7^M9qTEHp
1.1 Lens Design Books fd#jY}
1.2 Reference Material ?]rPRV
1.3 Specifications l9Q(xuhv
1.4 Lens Design E7Ulnvd
1.5 Lens Design Program Features !=y]Sv~h
1.6 About This Book n=,\;3Y=
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2 Automatic Lens Design Q0\0f
2.2 The Merit Function 8&Myva
2.3 Local Minima u-1;'a
2.4 The Landscape Lens {VP$J"\e
2.5 Types of Merit Function .)+hH y
2.6 Stagnation 5o/&T"]@
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing ~h"/Tce
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization !bC+TYsU
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems kvh&d|
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits /1 RAAa
2.11 Spectral Weighting 1RKW2RCaW_
2.12 How to Get Started TyKWy0x-3
4HAp{a1
3 Improving a Design .@"q$\
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques (n1Bh~R^
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) 0oh]61gC
3.3 Splitting Elements <F
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3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet S2>c#BQ
3.5 Compounding an Element @VN&t:/ l
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses #XnPsU<J
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem OgcHS?
3.8 Balancing Aberrations n$aA)"A #
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle cD4
kC>P*
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces | ea~'N1
kSc{^-<R
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design HK)cKzG[s!
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation SSBg?H 'T
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance Fxc)}i`
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations TrdZJ21#M
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function {"vkji>
4.5 Fabrication Considerations o&hIHfZri
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5 Lens Design Data XM<KF&pVB
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs }YOL"<,:o
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots ?%O3Oi Xz
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign =H8 xSJLh
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF K\^ 0_F K
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots 7DKz;o
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot lZ&]|*>
dJ:MjQG`W
6 Telescope Objective N4K8
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6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet FA90`VOWYU
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective idRD![!UI
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 3K@@D B6
6.4 Spherochromatism `d 2,*KR
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration f&4,?E;6%
6.6 Induced Aberrations zciCcrJ
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ZAuWx@}
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) pbHsR^
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet xw<OLWW
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design "Dy'Kd%,%/
6.11 A Final Note YYg)
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers ]=73-ywn]
7.1 Eyepieces IgL_5A
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs #(LfYw.P1V
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces `A/j1UWJ
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular 'z=:[#b
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 'j%F]CK
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces V2|3i}V"
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier M!M!Ni
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces ?RFg$Z'^
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats <uP^-bv;(
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats DZ
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8.2 Glass Choice rAQF9O[
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations Gi^Ha=?J%
8.4 Other Design Considerations >i,iOx|E-
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens P
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8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet !SHj$Jwa'
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet ']ood!
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses qu6DQ@
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8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces vOI[Z0Lq9h
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness %qsvtc`
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9 Split Triplets ALd;$fd qf
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets qBk``!|s]
10.1 The Classic Tessar fvo<(c#Y#
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac +:jT=V"X
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens P}3}ek1Ax
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets YJ7V`Np
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar MN=
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats q W^vz
11.1 Meniscus Components @=]8^?$t
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11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon H ;@!?I
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens {#Q\z>
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses M"^K0 .
11.5 The Split Dagor J_#R 87
11.6 The Dogmar ;@4H5p
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens U Lmg$T&
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Ln#a<Rx.E7
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version GSVdb/+
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens rE!1wc>L
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet msTB'0
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet 2C+(":=}
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element FY;+PY@I{
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar (hZ:X)E>
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay hY\{|
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13 Telephoto Lenses "4}wnu6/
13.1 The Basic Telephoto sroGER.
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses K!8zwb=fq
13.3 Telephoto Designs Mn^zYW|(
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch *crw^e
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses .{rbw9
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle ~5#)N{GbY
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens 9fVj
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14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses } ~enEZ
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses .5hp0L}
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses c]m! G'L_/
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens eO4)|tW
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ]O{_O&w
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener EnCU4CU`
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses B%b_/F]e
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems #3.)H9
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17 Microscope Objectives 5j[#'3TSU
17.1 General Considerations 1Kc^m\
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front N~#D\X^t.
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives u(vw|nj`
17.4 Reflecting Objectives kV^?p
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs W8/(;K`/
lCFU1 GHH
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems APHPN:v
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ?V+wjw
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems 1mUTtYU
18.3 Catadioptric Systems qC
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18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems I6w/0,azC
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids ,olwwv_8G
18.6 Unobscured Systems d^aNR
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18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” {[3YJkrM
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems r@$B'CsLj
19.1 Infrared Optics ,C!n}+27
19.2 IR Objective Lenses 'O "kt T
19.3 IR Telescope xyV]?~7
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders GVObz?Z]SB
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems hAa[[%wPhU
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses 4I ,o&TK
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20 Zoom Lenses uX0
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20.1 Zoom Lenses Jk*QcEE=
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras 6UB6;-
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens \dNhzd#
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens h]}`@M"
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure q!2<=:f
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses C9Wojo.
21.1 Projection TV Lenses %MNk4UsV
21.2 Macro Lenses RUc \u93n
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses <UK5eVQn
22.1 Monochromatic Systems V85.DK!
22.2 Scanner Lenses |8;?
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22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses >Fh#DmQ
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23 Tolerance Budgeting =+(Q.LmhC
23.1 The Tolerance Budget 65"uD7;
23.2 Additive Tolerances &?}1AQAYg
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget nk>8SW^
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24 Formulary 7<4xtK`+b
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions $[w|oAwi
24.2 The Cardinal Points E@]sq A
24.3 Image Equations LO}z)j~W
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 1w) fu
24.5 Invariants r$?Vx_f`Q
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) u7~mnl
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships cl2ze
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions QB9A-U<J
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs cS
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24.10 Stop Shift Equations Av[Ud
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces UC;=)
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) }(cY|
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Glossary mQnL<0_<f
Reference W%H]Uyt
Index