"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith #[[p/nAy}A
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition zcZ w}
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1 Introduction 4Dd9cG,lN
1.1 Lens Design Books C|lMXp\*
1.2 Reference Material a<o0B{7{BM
1.3 Specifications jU#%@d6!#
1.4 Lens Design o>*{5>#k'
1.5 Lens Design Program Features Q` s(T
1.6 About This Book ttKfZ0
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2 Automatic Lens Design Qdn:4yk
2.2 The Merit Function =|#-Rm^YB
2.3 Local Minima ueg X
2.4 The Landscape Lens 0jzA\ $oD
2.5 Types of Merit Function .F6#s
2.6 Stagnation lxz %b C@
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing T*ic?!
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization vJ'ho
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems Lf:Z
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2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits 0Id D
2.11 Spectral Weighting ie ,{C
2.12 How to Get Started C,]Ec2
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3 Improving a Design a&[n Vu+
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques \wCL)t.cX
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) dkLR
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3.3 Splitting Elements fI|1@e1
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet [~ o3S$C&7
3.5 Compounding an Element Cf N; `
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses {8MF!CG]
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem q ^gEA5
3.8 Balancing Aberrations f1{ckHAY55
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle UGMdWq
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces Pm_=
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 6p@ts`#
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation hMQ aT-v
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance 9T1G/0k-
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations 4Uiqi{}
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ]VME`]t`
4.5 Fabrication Considerations %([c4el>\F
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5 Lens Design Data Xy{+=UY
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs ;D1IhDC
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots 1rEP)66N
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign + 9X[gef8
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF ]@>| y2
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots &}cie"\L
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot 3^Zi/r
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6 Telescope Objective ~-+Zu<
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 'gGB-=yvbO
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective ]`prDw'
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective =+ p+_}C
6.4 Spherochromatism J.nq[/Q=
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration pA'A<|)K0
6.6 Induced Aberrations v,&2 !Zv
6.7 Three-Element Objectives w ^gh&E
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) MQ44uH J
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet Z3dd9m# .]
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design x8 Sq+B Y
6.11 A Final Note 7;NV
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers "tM/`:Qp
7.1 Eyepieces cy 4'q ?r
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs TXcKuo=
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces TeJ
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7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular cAS_?"V
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7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces rLxX^[Fp3
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces >U?Bka!
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier U[l%oLra
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces 5>)jNtZ
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats @
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8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats |@.<} /
8.2 Glass Choice de9l;zF
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations C`wI6!
8.4 Other Design Considerations
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8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens *GP_ut%
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet Ky#B'Bh}`g
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet f)Q]{ cb6
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses &F ji lx'k
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces e"#D ){k#
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness bK\WdG\;
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9 Split Triplets |SKG 4_wGe
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets @T1+b"TC
10.1 The Classic Tessar xY2_*#{.
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac '%C.([
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens BWdc^
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets _`i%9Ad.4
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar I0+w czW,^
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats
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11.1 Meniscus Components yr2L
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon 86fK= G:>
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens 917 0bmr
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses e~.?:7t
11.5 The Split Dagor \K~fRUo]=c
11.6 The Dogmar kN |5
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11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 8KwC wv
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Q &7)vs
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version dP7Vs a+
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens HJaw\zbL
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet 4bev* [k
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet `1bX.7K43
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element 5%?b5(mnD
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar
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12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay @ Rx6 >52>
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13 Telephoto Lenses wK'! xH^
13.1 The Basic Telephoto 51G=RYay9
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses \!JS7!+
13.3 Telephoto Designs W .`Xm(y
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch g:DTVq
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses ]TBtLU3
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle {(z(NgXG/
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens
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14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses /}$T38
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses )nNCB=YF!
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses w=D%D8 r2
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens f(6UL31
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens w3<"g&n|
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener j&dx[4|m:h
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses dv'E:R(a
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems hD6J W-
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17 Microscope Objectives }KA-t}8
17.1 General Considerations
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17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 1Y=AT!"V
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives AhvvuN$n%
17.4 Reflecting Objectives "7kge z#Y
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs ,@Fgr(?'`>
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems 8
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18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors $5lW)q A
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems S<eZ d./p6
18.3 Catadioptric Systems =w ^TcV
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems [jl2\3*
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids k,,!P""
18.6 Unobscured Systems psIkG0
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18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” ^]$$) (jw
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems [d4,gEx`Q\
19.1 Infrared Optics F!7f_m0=
19.2 IR Objective Lenses _0,"vFdj
19.3 IR Telescope T8$%9&j!UE
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders Fn:.Y8%-
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems :E>&s9Yj?
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses (8CCesy&
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20 Zoom Lenses 2GSgG.%SSM
20.1 Zoom Lenses \O kc5;kB2
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras &/s~? Iq
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens hPa n
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens 0iY P
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure $
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses QU:EY'2
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 'pan9PW
21.2 Macro Lenses CN7 k?JO<
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses aH%ZetLNJ
22.1 Monochromatic Systems UqN{JG:#.
22.2 Scanner Lenses Mx8Gu^FW.d
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses ~<n(y-P^
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23 Tolerance Budgeting re; Lg
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget Z<;U:aH?}
23.2 Additive Tolerances *=Doe2(!C
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget Yx5J$!Ld
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24 Formulary 8O6_iGTBh
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions GuT6K}~|D
24.2 The Cardinal Points u?F (1iN =
24.3 Image Equations gmY/STN
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) BDy5J2<<7l
24.5 Invariants 6 mCq/ $
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) :X_C FW
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships pTWg
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24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions ob
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24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs ~Rs#|JWB2V
24.10 Stop Shift Equations 'w(y
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24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces ;o[rQ6 +
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) T7 {<arL$
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Glossary daslaa_A
Reference {) xWD%
Index
