"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith Y:%m;b$]
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition 0AK?{y U
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1 Introduction *O+R|Cdp/
1.1 Lens Design Books mN\%f J7
1.2 Reference Material v._Egk0
1.3 Specifications K[uY+!'1
1.4 Lens Design 4YDT%_h0
1.5 Lens Design Program Features - J"qrpZ^
1.6 About This Book "Su
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2 Automatic Lens Design 0{?: FQ#
2.2 The Merit Function -c+[6A>j
2.3 Local Minima "H>r-cyh
2.4 The Landscape Lens <r X \LwR
2.5 Types of Merit Function ]6{(Hjt
2.6 Stagnation =`qRu
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing [x!i*
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2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization g.I(WJX0
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems ]By0Xifew
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits i}PK $sa#c
2.11 Spectral Weighting @up &q
2.12 How to Get Started ]?0{(\
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3 Improving a Design +`;+RDKY*
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques |XKOXa3.
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) O87"[c`>
3.3 Splitting Elements @B,j;2eb
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet xw P I
3.5 Compounding an Element YBX)eWslK
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses tJ=3'?T_k
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem J>`v.8y
3.8 Balancing Aberrations ^Xs%.`Gv/
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle f ) .*NX
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces &Nc[$H7<
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design (V gNb&Yo9
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation QVIcb ;&:}
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance tNK^z7D m
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations "\}b!gl$8
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function ~Fy`> *
4.5 Fabrication Considerations 8y$5oD6g9
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5 Lens Design Data bb|}'
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs NW
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5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots bqSM DK
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign -i#J[>=w{C
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF A9
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5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots pe|X@o
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot ^_@r.y]
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6 Telescope Objective >Q;
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6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet -*?p F_*w
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective HmvsYP66
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective 6`acg'sk>
6.4 Spherochromatism rwy+~
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration +A@m9
6.6 Induced Aberrations Nepi|{
6.7 Three-Element Objectives ^f9>l;Lb
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 5J
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6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet ton 1oq
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design 4S tjj! ew
6.11 A Final Note T/ik/lFI
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers U_]=E<el
7.1 Eyepieces >?z:2@Q)B
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs wh%xkXa[ur
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces 69>/@<
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular PSPTL3_~
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces 'xIyGDe
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces zX98c
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier GWhE8EDT
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces "# !D|[h0
x>v-m*4Z4@
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats 1B 5:s,Oyj
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats !$_~x
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8.2 Glass Choice vDsF-u1
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations k@yh+ v5
8.4 Other Design Considerations OVZP x%a
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens vB.l0!c\e_
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet =J](.78
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet Hfh!l2P
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses xYPxg!
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces :5J_5,?;`
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness eIH$"f;L
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9 Split Triplets sf$o(^P9\A
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets onw jn+"&
10.1 The Classic Tessar L_ ~8"I_
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac YlTaN, ?j
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens <YH=3[
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets KF U%DU G
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar ,!Q]q^{C:W
96c?3y a
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats vy [C'a
11.1 Meniscus Components Br!9x {q*
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon ]W/>L dv
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens Ird|C[la
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses E$A3|rjnoN
11.5 The Split Dagor \9/RAY_G
11.6 The Dogmar s9 @S d
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens l(!/Q|Q|
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens Ab2Q
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12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version :QPf~\w?
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens (5a1P;_Y
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet uH:YKH':/
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet nls
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element eVJ^\z:4
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar 9%tobo@J~n
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay W3GNA""O
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13 Telephoto Lenses v+xB7w
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ~e-z,:Af
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses K\u_Ji]k
13.3 Telephoto Designs PyBD
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch g<wRN#B
Je Cg|@
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses nL-K)G,
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle S\*`lJzPM
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens l1'6cLT `
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses !q'
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SwW['c'*]B
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses ++jAz<46
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses ,R2U`EO;
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens 5T?-zF MM
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens ?!'Zf Q:zK
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener E\U`2{ ^.
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses _>yoX
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems *F`A S>
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17 Microscope Objectives JSr$-C
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17.1 General Considerations 4vWkT8HQ
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front 2=iH$v
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives ._PzYE|m2
17.4 Reflecting Objectives <hx+wrv
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs gckI.[!b
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems i'#G y,R
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors i+{yMol1
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems OI}cs2m
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ~*W!mlg
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems 8|%^3O 0X
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids >e,mg8u6$
18.6 Unobscured Systems Wwujh2g"0|
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” 7U|mu~$.!
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ]#2Y e7+
19.1 Infrared Optics qIMA6u/
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ;j8 )KC
19.3 IR Telescope kwpK1R4zs
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders "Wo,'8{v
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems Z\}K{#
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses :'iYxhM.V
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20 Zoom Lenses G 2!xPHz
20.1 Zoom Lenses J M- t<.
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ~m^ #FJu
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens %zk$}}ti.
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens re?s.dj T
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure :Bu2,EL*O
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses %ru;;h
21.1 Projection TV Lenses 4(Iplo*Ys@
21.2 Macro Lenses M-V&X&?j
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses *jIqAhs0{
22.1 Monochromatic Systems v[e:qi&fG
22.2 Scanner Lenses l 'DsZ9y@2
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses a ]
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23 Tolerance Budgeting .
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget } :=Tm]S
23.2 Additive Tolerances lKZB?Kk^w\
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget ~vlype3/EF
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24 Formulary %1}K""/
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions a<}#HfC;'
24.2 The Cardinal Points <Rh6r}f
24.3 Image Equations 6`vC1 PK^
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) EI!6MC)
24.5 Invariants ] e. JNo
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) N_:qRpp6i
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships t yaA\F57
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions 4vBL6!z:Z
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 9z)5Mdf1j
24.10 Stop Shift Equations E|' h]NY
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces J+d1&Tw&
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) ?T+q/lt4
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Glossary GFr|E8
Reference Hx ,0zS%>
Index
