Foreword L@*0wx`fU
The international Energy Agency (IEA) founded in November 1974, is an autonomous body 'jp nQcwxx
within the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development F{*S}&q*)o
(OECD) which carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its 23 }8E//$J
member countries. The European Commission also participates in the work of the Agency. iE}ji lU
The IEA PhotoVoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of the collaborative R&D uVoM2n?D%^
agreements established within the IEA, and since 1993, its Participants have been conducting a sY?pp
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variety of joint projects in the applications of Photovoltaic conversion of solar energy into 6x\+j
electricity. h,Y MR3:X
The Overall programme is headed by an Executive Committee composed of one representative 4;;F(yk8
from each participating country, while the management of individual research projects (Tasks) *#j+, q!X
is the responsibility of Operating Agents. Currently nine Tasks have been established in the
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IEA PVPS programme. bK `'z i
The Twenty one members are: Australia (AUS), Austria (AUT), Canada (CAN), Denmark .+XGbs]kCi
(DNK), European Commission, Finland (FIN), France (FRA), Germany (DEU), Israel (ISR), "rz|sbj
Italy (ITA), Japan (JPN), Korea (KOR), Mexico (MEX), The Netherlands (NLD), Norway Gy36{*
(NOR), Portugal (PRT), Spain (ESP), Sweden (SWE), Switzerland (CHE), The United nV I\Or[
Kingdom (GBR), and The United States (USA). zuOx@T ^
Task III of the PVPS programme, active since 1993, focuses on the exchange of information, O`e0r%SJ
quality assurance and technical surveys on stand alone PV applications. Stand-alone PV 9OB[ig
systems will continue to represent a significant PV market segment, not only in developing 2Up 1
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countries, but also in the important home markets of industrial countries. Experts from 15 IEA 3=9yR* *
countries are sharing their experiences in this area. 5#JGNxO
This battery guide is intended for a wide use also close to the end customers to increase the O~F/pJN`
hands on battery knowledge and thereby increase the system reliability and reduce the lifecycle SJ1
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cost for battery storage in small stand alone photovoltaic systems. Also some basic |Ia3b V W
environmental concerns are addressed. The report has been prepared under the supervision of 4VE7%.z+
Task III by: -d\O{{%>.z
Bo Andersson, Catella Generics, (battery expertise) (SWE) w5"C<5^
Staffan Ulvönäs, (illustrations) (SWE) 3=xb%Upw
Bengt Perers, Vattenfall Utveckling AB (PV system and applications expertise) (SWE) T*>n
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06 December 1999
