"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith Q}ebw
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Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition s;oDwT1
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1 Introduction -h=K]Y{`
1.1 Lens Design Books _@U?;73"5
1.2 Reference Material Z"spua5
1.3 Specifications &)F8i#M
1.4 Lens Design +E.}k!y
1.5 Lens Design Program Features q2Xm~uN`)
1.6 About This Book $`7cs}#
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2 Automatic Lens Design Pl|e?Np
2.2 The Merit Function ;O7CahdF
2.3 Local Minima TR2X' `:O
2.4 The Landscape Lens "#7~}ZB
2.5 Types of Merit Function zY?GO"U"
2.6 Stagnation Q-<,+[/
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing #H]cb#
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization A2Je*Gz
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems Y@)iPK@z
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits osKM3}Sb
2.11 Spectral Weighting [S{KGe:g
2.12 How to Get Started MUo}Qi0K
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3 Improving a Design V&7jd7
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3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques GLI 5AbQK
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) `-)!4oJ]
3.3 Splitting Elements QWt?` h=
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet R@lmX%Z1
3.5 Compounding an Element =`VA_xVu
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses K-D{Z7J^l
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem AvW2)+6G
3.8 Balancing Aberrations hoy+J/
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle 5xJyW`SWz
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces Pba 6Ay6B
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4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design 1.7tXjRd+
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation CD$0Z
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance <b 0;Nf
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations _N`:NOM
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function 3GEI) !
4.5 Fabrication Considerations &\(p<TF
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5 Lens Design Data hrfu\cI
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs weMC9T)B
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots
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5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign PoyY}Ra
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF XA8{N
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots j$l[OZ:#
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot OnO56,+S^
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6 Telescope Objective F,2)Udim
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 2qEm,x'S
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective o(~QuHOp8>
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective sflH{!;p
6.4 Spherochromatism Wj2s+L7,
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration \x JGR!
6.6 Induced Aberrations BMlnzi
6.7 Three-Element Objectives O*MC"%T
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) 9NCo0!Fb
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet a]NQlsE}l
6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design W5a)`%H
6.11 A Final Note J!?hajw7N
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7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers sjBP#_lW
7.1 Eyepieces 1+;Z0$edxz
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs 6FMW}*6<
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces 8l(_{Y5(-
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular U
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7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces ]Lg$p
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces hL:n9G
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier I;dc[m
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces |2mm@):
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8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats V+7x_>!&)
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats 3nVdws
8.2 Glass Choice -)%l{@Mr
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations 9I0}:J;7
8.4 Other Design Considerations M7R.?nk
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens UR')) 1n
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 9!hiCqA&
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet B%95M|
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses >"qnuv G
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces Ps3wg=ni[
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness I_"1.
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9 Split Triplets E?>
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10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets .
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10.1 The Classic Tessar @y,pfWh`
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac $ZSjq
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens Q[t|+RNKv2
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets >3R)&N
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar n_[;2XQQ
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11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats Hk'D@(hS
11.1 Meniscus Components {ETuaFDM
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon OQt_nb#z`{
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens $RxS<_tj
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses qKX3Npw
11.5 The Split Dagor _U%a`%tU.
11.6 The Dogmar 4L(/Z}(
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens I5[HD_g:
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ?kfLOJQ:I
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version sem:"
12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens LadE4:oy
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet ttlFb]zZh
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet +C4UM9
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element #*QnO\.
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar X 4\
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay b}DxD1*nsI
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13 Telephoto Lenses B(+J?0Dj
13.1 The Basic Telephoto <Co\?h/<
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses Li[ :L
13.3 Telephoto Designs ifyWhS++
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 5Oh>r K(
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses W dM?{;
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14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle |$AoI
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens @3T)J,f
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses QtM9G@%
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15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses pP JhF8Dt
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16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses Rd|#-7
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens rUJIf;Zwo
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens 0O,Q]P 82f
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener &-l(nr]h]
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses 1DzI@c~X
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems QLr.5Wcg>
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17 Microscope Objectives '3h"Ol{b
17.1 General Considerations IEbk_-h[
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front Pra,r9h,
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives J.%%]-f=&
17.4 Reflecting Objectives =8Bq2.nlR
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs
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18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems S5a?KU
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors ((Jiv=%
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems $F^p5EXkc6
18.3 Catadioptric Systems ~hx__^]d
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems ak_&\'P
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids aJAQ G
18.6 Unobscured Systems aaa6R|>0
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” _VvXE572
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19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ~Vh< mt
19.1 Infrared Optics *Fb|iR
19.2 IR Objective Lenses ;:)1:Dy5
19.3 IR Telescope B <et&r;
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders \xtY\q,[
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems -UTTJnu^
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses o8Q+hZB}A
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20 Zoom Lenses 7[ 82~jM[
20.1 Zoom Lenses Vdpvo;4uy
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras ;s$bVGHr
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens Imv]V6"D=
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens oM<Y o%n
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure ^nPk;%`0
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses N,oN3mFF
21.1 Projection TV Lenses p|q} z /
21.2 Macro Lenses ysHmi{V~
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22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses =r?#,'a
22.1 Monochromatic Systems .+.BNS
22.2 Scanner Lenses KMU2PoqD
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses T?!D?YV
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23 Tolerance Budgeting y,YK Mc
23.1 The Tolerance Budget bOvMXj/HV=
23.2 Additive Tolerances 3$~6+i
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget *{#l0My
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24 Formulary &I= 27!S
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions v"Z`#Bi
24.2 The Cardinal Points vc r5
24.3 Image Equations K0YUN^St
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) r=S6yq}
24.5 Invariants <0%X:q<
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) "3\C;B6I
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships q.GA\o
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions Q,AM<\S
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs 7K.in3M(
24.10 Stop Shift Equations C=y[WsT
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces KeIk9T13O
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) |o5F%1o
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Glossary _7^4sR8=
Reference (*X SrQ
Index