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2007-02-01 00:44 |
"Modern Lens Design" 2nd Edition by Warren J. Smith ]4 \6_J&
]9 9; 7
Contents of Modern Lens Design 2nd Edition ' |yBz1uL
Ui"3'OU'
1 Introduction BGO
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1.1 Lens Design Books I$fm"N
1.2 Reference Material kNrd=s,-]D
1.3 Specifications `;s#/ `c|/
1.4 Lens Design "3Ckc"G@
1.5 Lens Design Program Features nc#} \
1.6 About This Book (~ #-J7
aSfAu!j)
2 Automatic Lens Design g JOD+~
2.2 The Merit Function u&o<>d;)
2.3 Local Minima
X;dUlSi
2.4 The Landscape Lens )u=a+T
2.5 Types of Merit Function OI^qX;#Kd
2.6 Stagnation zhI"++
2.7 Generalized Simulated Annealing i6:O9Km
2.8 Considerations about Variables for Optimization ]_! . xx>
2.9 How to Increase the Speed or Field of a System and Avoid Ray Failure Problems `k9a$@Xg
2.10 Test Plate Fits, Melt Fits, Thickness Fits and Reverse Aberration Fits B(R$5Xp
2.11 Spectral Weighting 0 5YsLNh
2.12 How to Get Started e1R<+`]
Okd7ua-f
3 Improving a Design IG8I<+< o
3.1 Lens Design Tip Sheet: Standard Improvement Techniques ^
`[T0X
3.2 Glass Changes ( Index and V Values ) =$< .:b
3.3 Splitting Elements ~<3J9\ z1
3.4 Separating a Cemented Doublet TA"g U8YQ
3.5 Compounding an Element $< .wQ8:Q
3.6 Vignetting and Its Uses *XG.?%x*|
3.7 Eliminating a Weak Element; the Concentric Problem \8Yv}wQ
3.8 Balancing Aberrations H66F4i
3.9 The Symmetrical Principle }Y3*X: i7
3.10 Aspheric Surfaces !<5Wi)*
Ap<j;s4`
4 Evaluation: How Good is This Design *V@t]d $=#
4.1 The Uses of a Preliminary Evaluation %Lfy!] Ru
4.2 OPD versus Measures of Performance m]A LW 0
4.3 Geometric Blur Spot Size versus Certain Aberrations BvpUcICJ
4.4 Interpreting MTF - The Modulation Transfer Function >q1rdq
4.5 Fabrication Considerations Ez Xi*/
-^$IjK-N
5 Lens Design Data "1-z'TV=
5.1 About the Sample Lens Designs Tl-Ix&37
5.2 Lens Prescriptions, Drawings, and Aberration Plots I=4G+h5p
5.3 Estimating the Potential of a Redesign XWUi_{zn
5.4 Scaling a Desing, Its Aberrations, and Its MTF LP/ /\E_]
5.5 Notes on the Interpretation of Ray Intercept Plots S 0 mt8/ M
5.6 Various Evaluation Plot pT<I!,~
ujeN|W
6 Telescope Objective i$XT Qr0K=
6.1 The Thin Airspaced Doublet 'F^"+Xi
6.2 Merit Function for a Telescope Objective `s_k+ g
6.3 The Design of an f/7 Cemented Doublet Telescope Objective '6f)^DYA'?
6.4 Spherochromatism J!5& N c
6.5 Zonal Spherical Aberration 8AmB0W> e
6.6 Induced Aberrations d'e\tO
6.7 Three-Element Objectives )3)fq:[
6.8 Secondary Spectrum (Apochromatic Systems) x Z`h8
6.9 The Design of an f/7 Apochromatic Triplet
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6.10 The Diffractive Surface in Lens Design NV;T*I8O
6.11 A Final Note Y]+KsiOL
gq&jNj7V
7 Eyepieces and Magnifiers K5(:0Q.5y
7.1 Eyepieces Qa,$_ ,E
7.2 A Pair of Magnifier Designs ;b 0;66C8|
7.3 The Simple, Classical Eyepieces #}C6}};
7.4 Design Story of an Eyepiece for a 6*30 Binocular _?;74VWA
7.5 Four-Element Eyepieces X "Q\MLy
7.6 Five-Element Eyepieces 2%~+c|TH.)
7.7 Very High Index Eyepiece/Magnifier 4si q
7.8 Six- and Seven-Element Eyepieces o(oD8Ni
cjf_,x
8 Cooke Triplet Anastigmats +Al* MusS
8.1 Airspaced Triplet Anastigmats .N Z
8.2 Glass Choice UkM#uKr:
8.3 Vertex Length and Residual Aberrations kC/An@J^#
8.4 Other Design Considerations ffem7eQ
8.5 A Plastic, Aspheric Triplet Camera Lens !w:pb7+G
8.6 Camera Lens Anastigmatism Design “from Scrach” – The Cooke Triplet 3 Hh u]5
8.7 Possible Improvement to Our “Basic” Triplet SnG XEQ
8.7 The Rear Earth (Lanthanum) Glasses 2mfG: ^^c
8.9 Aspherizing the Surfaces GT-ONwVDq
8.10 Increasing the Element Thickness v=x)]<E" _
muIJeQ.C
9 Split Triplets LCok4N$o
71,GrUV:
10 The Tessar, Heliar, and Other Compounded Triplets OA&r8WK3
10.1 The Classic Tessar '$q3 Ze
10.2 The Heliar/Pentac s m qUFo
10.3 The Portrait Lens and the Enlarger Lens #[sJKW
10.4 Other Compounded Triplets $~'G<YYF4
10.5 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Tessar and Heliar t7,** $ST
fY 1 0a_@x
11 Double-Meniscus Anastigmats ]N6UY
11.1 Meniscus Components nSq$,tk(
11.2 The Hypergon, Totogon, and Metrogon N'I9J?e Q
11.3 A Two Element Aspheric Thick Meniscus Camera Lens vW5>{
11.4 Protar, Dagor, and Convertible Lenses gyOAvx
11.5 The Split Dagor R{{?wr6b$
11.6 The Dogmar Xb1is\JB
11.7 Camera Lens Anastigmat Design “from Scratch” – The Dogmar Lens 6Bn}W ?
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12 The Biotar or Double-Gauss Lens ) { 4$oXQ
12.1 The Basic Six-Element Version r
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12.2 28 Things You Should Know about the Double-Gauss/Biotar Lens ;tfGhHpQn
12.3 The Seven-Element Biotar - Split-Rear Singlet hGo /Ve+@
12.4 The Seven-Element Biotar - Broken Contact Front Doublet `i6q\ -12n
12.5 The Seven-Element Biotar - One Compounded Outer Element ~?KbpB|
12.6 The Eight-Element Biotar &IkHP/
12.7 A “Doubled Double-Gauss” Relay \d
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13 Telephoto Lenses h `Xl~=
13.1 The Basic Telephoto ?)e6 :T(
13.2 Close-up or Macro Lenses +"PME1
13.3 Telephoto Designs >,n K
13.4 Design of a 200-mm f/4 Telephoto for a 35-mm Camera from Scratch 1c:/c|shQ_
fILD ~
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14 Reversed Telescope (Retrofocus and Fish-Eye) Lenses "_ON0._(/
14.1 The Reverse Telephoto Principle 0t)5K O
14.2 The Basic Retrofocus Lens (YHK,aC>u
14.3 Fish-Eye, or Extreme Wide-Angle Reverse Telephoto, Lenses KZ| p_{0&
10m`LG
15 Wide Angle Lenses with Negative Outer Lenses CjLiLB
UZu.B!4
16 The Petzval Lens; Head-up Display Lenses @gm!D`YL
16.1 The Petzval Portrait Lens Gvqu v\
16.2 The Petzval Projection Lens - 4B& {P
16.3 The Petzval with a Field Flattener l:sfM`Z^[
16.4 Very Height Speed Petzval Lenses mx Tuwx
16.5 Head-up Display (HUD) Lenses, Biocular Lenses, and Head/Helmet Mounted Display(HMD) Systems x6
h53R
4J$dG l#f
17 Microscope Objectives C59H|
S
17.1 General Considerations ` 6o5[2V
17.2 Classic Objective Design Forms; The Aplanatic Front }*vO&J@z
17.3 Flat-Field Objectives M[^EHa<i
17.4 Reflecting Objectives *TYOsD**9
17.5 The Microscope Objective Designs q=+wQ[a<
*NQsD C.J^
18 Mirror and Catadioptric Systems `5Em : 8 M
18.1 The Good and Bad Points of Mirrors LO)p2[5#R
18.2 The Classic Two-Mirror Systems d
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18.3 Catadioptric Systems 6o]>lQ}
18.4 Aspheric Correctors and Schmidt Systems Fj1'z5$
18.5 Confocal Paraboloids fs*OR2YG7
18.6 Unobscured Systems 1 yjP`N
18.7 Design of a Schmidt-Cassegrain “from Scratch” A "~Oi
M/jdM fU
19 Infrared and Ultraviolet Systems ( 2r808^2
19.1 Infrared Optics - _BjzA|
19.2 IR Objective Lenses kl#) 0yqN0
19.3 IR Telescope 6 ?= ^8
19.4 Laser Beam Expanders y(jd$GM|
19,5 Ultraviolet Systems T0K*!j}O
19.6 Microlithographic Lenses It5n; ,n
64f6D"."
20 Zoom Lenses T_~xDQ` v
20.1 Zoom Lenses ;ZR^9%+y9
20.2 Zoom Lenses for Point and Shoot Cameras H;RgYu2J
20.3 A 20X Video Zoom Lens WRN}>]Ng Q
20.4 A Zoom Scanner Lens ;f2<vp;U
20.5 A Possible Zoom Lens Design Procedure M.KXDD#O
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21 Projection TV Lenses and Macro Lenses G/V0Yn""
21.1 Projection TV Lenses r+}<]?aT>-
21.2 Macro Lenses 910N 1E
RzqU`<//
22 Scanner/ , Laser Disk and Collimator Lenses N1X;&qZDd
22.1 Monochromatic Systems }62Q{>`
22.2 Scanner Lenses #,rP1#?
22.3 Laser Disk, Focusing, and Collimator Lenses p *GAs
C
P;p ;o]
23 Tolerance Budgeting 4
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23.1 The Tolerance Budget 0ZtH
23.2 Additive Tolerances 9v7 6A~~
23.3 Establishing the Tolerance Budget c_syJ<
I9kBe}g3
24 Formulary @wa< nY d
24.1 Sign Conventions, Symbols, and Definitions ;e\K8* o
24.2 The Cardinal Points FO?I}G22
24.3 Image Equations .jRv8x b
24.4 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Surface by Surface) 8iN@n8O
24.5 Invariants $kn"S>jV
24.6 Paraxial Ray Tracing (Component by Component) KPd lg.
24.7 Two-Componenet Relationships hPrE
24.8 Third-Order Aberrations – Surface Contributions H]>7IhJ
24.9 Third-Order Aberrations – Thin Lens Contributions; The G Sum Eqs +! <{ 80w
24.10 Stop Shift Equations mp17d$R-
24.11 Third-Order Aberrations – Contributions from Aspheric Surfaces U<U?&hB\@
24.12 Conversion of Aberrations to Wavefront Deformation (OPD) l
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H^8 t/h
gBE1a w;
Glossary $lf\1)B~*
Reference d$v{oC }
Index
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